Annual Contents - Advances in Clinical and Experimental Medicine
Transkrypt
Annual Contents - Advances in Clinical and Experimental Medicine
Annual Contents 1119 Annual Contents 2015, Vol. 24, No. 1–6 EDITORIALS Maciej Chwała, Wojciech Szczeklik, Michał Szczeklik, Tomasz Aleksiejew-Kleszczyński, Maria Jagielska-Chwała: Varicose Veins of Lower Extremities, Hemodynamics and Treatment Methods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 Justyna Przytulska, Natalia Rogala, Grażyna Bednarek-Tupikowska: Current and Emerging Therapies for Adrenocortical Carcinoma – Review . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 185 Anna Brzecka, Maria Ejma: Obesity Paradox in the Course of Cerebrovascular Diseases . . . . . . . . . . 379 Łukasz Szylberg, Marlena Janiczek, Aneta Popiel, Andrzej Marszałek: Large Bowel Genetic Background and Inflammatory Processes in Carcinogenesis – Systematic Review . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 555 Michał Moritz, Małgorzata Geszke-Moritz: Recent Developments in the Application of Polymeric Nanoparticles as Drug Carriers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 749 Anna Wiktorowska-Owczarek, Małgorzata Berezińska, Jerzy Z. Nowak: PUFAs: Structures, Metabolism and Functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 931 ORIGINAL PAPERS Aneta Nitsch-Osuch, Irena Choroszy-Król, Ernest Kuchar, Krzysztof Korzeniewski, Katarzyna Życińska, Kazimierz Wardyn: Microbiological Spectrum and Susceptibility Pattern of Clinical Isolates from the Neonatal Unit in a Single Medical Center . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 Ismail Sener, Cihan Bereket, Gökhan Arslan, Nilüfer Özkan, Muhsin Özdemir, Uğur Mercan, Mustafa Ayyildiz, Erdal Agar: The Effect of Hemostatic Agents and Tissue Adhesive on Injured Peripheral Nerve Healing in Rats – Part I. Electrophysiological Study . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 Małgorzata Lewicka, Gabriela A. Henrykowska, Krzysztof Pacholski, Artur Szczęsny, Maria Dziedziczak-Buczyńska, Andrzej Buczyński: The Impact of Electromagnetic Radiation of Different Parameters on Platelet Oxygen Metabolism – In Vitro Studies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31 Justyna Płonka, Małgorzata Latocha, Dariusz Kuśmierz, Aleksandra Zielińska: Expression of Proapoptotic BAX and TP53 Genes and Antiapoptotic BCL-2 Gene in MCF-7 and T-47D Tumour Cell Cultures of the Mammary Gland After a Photodynamic Therapy with Photolon . . . . . . . . . . 37 Leszek Gromadziński, Beata Januszko-Giergielewicz, Piotr Pruszczyk: Hyperuricemia is an Independent Predictive Factor for Left Ventricular Diastolic Dysfunction in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47 Marta Karp, Kamila Kosior, Agnieszka Karczmarczyk, Małgorzata Zając, Joanna Zaleska, Waldemar Tomczak, Sylwia Chocholska, Marek Hus, Anna Dmoszyńska, Krzysztof Giannopoulos: Cytotoxic Activity of Valproic Acid on Primary Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia Cells . . . . . . . . 55 Urszula Szlendak, Agnieszka Lipniacka, Jolanta Bianketti, Maria Podolak-Dawidziak, Ksenia Bykowska: Porphobilinogen Deaminase Gene Mutations in Polish Patients with Non-Erythroid Acute Intermittent Porphyria . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63 Hussein K. Al-Hakeim, Manal M. Al-Khakani, Mahmood A. Al-Kindi: Correlation of Hepcidin Level with Insulin Resistance and Endocrine Glands Function in Major Thalassemia . . . . . . . . . . . 69 Agata Grzelka, Aleksandra Araszkiewicz, Aleksandra Uruska, Dorota Zozulińska-Ziółkiewicz: Prevalence of Anti-Thyroid Peroxidase in Adults with Type 1 Diabetes Participating in Poznań Prospective Study . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79 Halil G. Pala, Yılmaz Ozalp, Abdullah S. Yener, Gul Gerceklioglu, Sezer Uysal, Ata Onvural: Adiponectin Levels in Gestational Diabetes Mellitus and in Pregnant Women Without Glucose Intolerance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85 Daniel Kotschy, Maria Kotschy, Paweł Socha, Leszek Masłowski, Justyna Kwapisz, Natalia Żuk, Joanna Dubis, Maciej Karczewski, Wojciech Witkiewicz: Tissue Factor and Other Hemostatic Parameters in Patients with Advanced Peripheral Artery Disease After Endovascular Revascularization – Search for Hemostatic Factors which Indicate Restenosis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93 Rafał Flieger, Przemysław Kopczyński, Teresa Matthews-Brzozowska: Analysis of Skeletal Maturity of Children with Cleft Palate in Terms of Healthy Children by the CVM Method . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99 1120 Annual Contents Anna Wiela-Hojeńska, Teresa Kowalska, Emilia Filipczyk-Cisarż, Łukasz Łapiński, Karol Nartowski: Evaluation of the Toxicity of Anticancer Chemotherapy in Patients with Colon Cancer . . . . . . . . 103 Sevim K. Çelįk, Nurcan Aras, Özlem Yildirim, Fahri Turan, Ayşegül Görür, Hatice Yildirim, Lülüfer Tamer: Glutathione S-Transferase GSTM 1, Null Genotype May Be Associated with Susceptibility to Age-Related Cataract . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113 Hassanain Al-Talib, Nik Zuraina, Balqis Kamarudin, Chan Y. Yean: Genotypic Variations of Virulent Genes in Enterococcus faecium and Enterococcus faecalis Isolated from Three Hospitals in Malaysia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121 Katarzyna Skośkiewicz-Malinowska, Urszula Kaczmarek, Marek Ziętek, Barbara Malicka: Validation of the Polish Version of the Oral Health Impact Profile-14 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 129 Dominik Golicki, Marta Dudzińska, Agnieszka Zwolak, Jerzy S. Tarach: Quality of Life in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes in Poland – Comparison with the General Population Using the EQ-5D Questionnaire . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139 Izabella Uchmanowicz, Beata Jankowska-Polańska, Joanna Rosińczuk, Marta Wleklik: Health-Related Quality of Life of Patients Suffering from Cystic Fibrosis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 147 Joanna Szymańska, Piotr Smolewski, Agata Majchrzak, Barbara Cebula-Obrzut, Krzysztof Chojnowski, Jacek Treliński: Pro-Apoptotic Activity of Ruxolitinib Alone and in Combination with Hydroxyurea, Busulphan, and PI3K/mTOR Inhibitors in JAK2-Positive Human Cell Lines 195 Robert Kubina, Agata Kabała-Dzik, Arkadiusz Dziedzic, Beata Bielec, Robert D. Wojtyczka, Rafał J. Bułdak, Magdalena Wyszyńska, Barbara Stawiarska-Pięta, Ewa Szaflarska-Stojko: The Ethanol Extract of Polish Propolis Exhibits Anti-Proliferative and/or Pro-Apoptotic Effect on HCT 116 Colon Cancer and Me45 Malignant Melanoma Cells In Vitro Conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 203 Kasim Caglayan, Bülent Güngör, Hamza Cinar, Bahattin Avci, Sebnem Gur, Nilden Arslan: Effects of Oleuropein on Serum Inflammatory Cytokines and Histopathological Changes in Rats with Pancreatitis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 213 Witold Musiał, Janusz Pluta, Tomasz Byrski, Julija V. Valh: The Conductivity and pH Values of Dispersions of Nanospheres for Targeted Drug Delivery in the Course of Forced Equilibrium Dialysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 219 Zeliha S. Selamoglu, Ilknur Ozdemir, Osman Ciftci, Mehmet F. Gulhan, Ahmet Savci: Antioxidant Effect of Ethanolic Extract of Propolis in Liver of L-NAME Treated Rats . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 227 Banu S. Yildiz, Alparslan Sahin, Nazire B. Aladag, Mustafa Yildiz: Association of Endogenous Melatonin with Uric Acid and Traditional Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Healthy Young Male . 233 Beata Kaleta, Magdalena Walicka, Ada Sawicka, Agata Bogołowska-Stieblich, Andrzej Górski, Jacek Łukaszkiewicz, Ewa Marcinowska-Suchowierska: Toll-like Receptor 4 Gene Polymorphism C1196T in Polish Women with Postmenopausal Osteoporosis – Preliminary Investigation . . . . . 239 Nada Yasein, Wejdan Shroukh, Razan Hijjawi: Serum Vitamin D and the Metabolic Syndrome Among Osteoporotic Postmenopausal Female Patients of a Family Practice Clinic in Jordan . . . . 245 Milena Despotovic, Tatjana J. Stoimenov, Ivana Stankovic, Dusica Pavlovic, Dusan Sokolovic, Tatjana Cvetkovic, Gordana Kocic, Jelena Basic, Andrej Veljkovic, Branka Djordjevic: Gene Polymorphisms of Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha and Antioxidant Enzymes in Bronchial Asthma . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 251 Joern F. Dopheide, Geraldine C. Zeller, Martin Kuhlmann, Matthias Girndt, Martina Sester, Urban Sester: Differentiation of Monocyte Derived Dendritic Cells in End Stage Renal Disease is Skewed Towards Accelerated Maturation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 257 Dorota Pawełka, Wiktor Bednarz , Zbigniew Krawczyk, Marta Rzeszutko, Robert Olewiński, Piotr Czopnik: Ileal Pouch Morphology and Microbiology in Ulcerative Colitis Patients . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 267 Zbysław W. Grajek, Jacek Dadan, Jerzy R. Ładny, Marcin Opolski: The Assessment of the Influence of the Method for Obtaining Hemostasis on the Occurrence of Postoperative Complications After Thyroid Surgery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 275 Anna Brzozowska, Anna Toruń, Maria Mazurkiewicz: The Impact of Surgery on the Efficacy of Adjuvant Therapy in Glioblastoma Multiforme . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 279 Paweł Sokal, Marek Harat, Piotr Zieliński, Jacek Furtak, Darek Paczkowski, Marcin Rusinek: Motor Cortex Stimulation in Patients with Chronic Central Pain . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 289 Fatih Yalcinkaya, Kursad Zengin, Nurettin Sertcelik, Orhan Yigitbasi, Halil Bozkurt, Tevfik Sarikaya, Raif Karabacak: Dorsal Onlay Buccal Mucosal Graft Urethroplasty in the Treatment of Urethral Strictures – Does the Stricture Length Affect Success? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 297 Annual Contents 1121 Teresa Matthews-Brzozowska, Dorota Cudziło, Jolanta Walasz, Beata Kawala: Rehabilitation of the Orofacial Complex by Means of a Stimulating Plate in Children with Down Syndrome . . . . . . . . . 301 Lidia Hyla-Klekot, Piotr Bryniarski, Barbara Pulcer, Katarzyna Ziora, Andrzej Paradysz: Dimethylarginines as Risk Markers of Atherosclerosis and Chronic Kidney Disease in Children with Nephrotic Syndrome . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 307 Mikail Inal, Nuray B. Muluk, Ersel Dağ, Osman K. Arıkan, Simay A. Kara: The Pitfalls and Important Distances in Temporal Bone HRCT of the Subjects with High Jugular Bulbs – Preliminary Report . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 315 Silvana Novelli, Javier Briones, Albert Flotats, Jorge Sierra: PET/CT Assessment of Follicular Lymphoma and High Grade B Cell Lymphoma – Good Correlation with Clinical and Histological Features at Diagnosis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 325 Jie Xu, Ji Li, Jiao Chen, Zuo-Jin Liu: Effect of Adjuvant Interferon Therapy on Hepatitis B/C VirusRelated Hepatocellular Carcinoma After Curative Therapy – Meta-Analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 331 Cengiz Eser, Eyüphan Gencel, Mahmut Gökdoğan, Erol Kesiktaş, Metin Yavuz: Comparison of Autologous and Heterologous Bone Graft Stability Effects for Filling Maxillary Bone Gap After Le Fort I Osteotomy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 341 Aleksandra Kuzan, Anna Smulczyńska-Demel, Agnieszka Chwiłkowska, Jolanta Saczko, Andrzej Frydrychowski, Marzena Dominiak: An Estimation of the Biological Properties of Fish Collagen in an Experimental In Vitro Study . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 385 Vilma Vuohelainen, Timo Paavonen, Mari Hamalainen, Eeva Moilanen, Ari A. Mennander: C4d Deposition Reveals Myocardial Infarction After Cardiac Arrest – Experimental Study . . . . . . . . . . 393 Mehmet F. Sönmez, Derya Karabulut, Yusuf Gunduz, Munis Dundar: The Effects of Long-Term Diabetes on Ghrelin Expression in Rat Stomachs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 401 Mubin Hosnuter, Cenk Melikoglu, Cem Aslan, Gulcan Saglam, Recep Sutcu: The Protective Effects of Epigallocatechin Gallate Against Distant Organ Damage After Severe Skin Burns – Experimental Study Using a Rat Model of Thermal Trauma . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 409 Rafał Muchacki, Ryszard Szkilnik, Jolanta Malinowska-Borowska, Aleksandra Żelazko, Łukasz Lewkowicz, Przemysław G. Nowak: Impairment in Pain Perception in Adult Rats Lesioned as Neonates with 5.7-Dihydroxytryptamine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 419 Dusan Sokolovic, Branka Djordjevic, Gordana Kocic, Tatjana J. Stoimenov, Zoran Stanojkovic, Danka M. Sokolovic, Andrej Veljkovic, Goran Ristic, Milena Despotovic, Dusan Milisavljevic, Radmilo Jankovic, Ivana Binic: The Effects of Melatonin on Oxidative Stress Parameters and DNA Fragmentation in Testicular Tissue of Rats Exposed to Microwave Radiation . . . . . . . . . . . . 429 Ireneusz Sołtyszewski, Michał Szeremeta, Małgorzata Skawrońska, Anna Niemcunowicz-Janica, Witold Pepiński: Typeability of DNA in Touch Traces Deposited on Paper and Optical Data Discs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 437 Magdalena Frej-Mądrzak, Dorota Teryks-Wołyniec, Agnieszka Jama-Kmiecik, Jolanta Sarowska, Irena Choroszy-Król: Diagnosing Chlamydia Trachomatis Urinary Tract Infections – Preliminary Report . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 441 Petra Drábková, Jana Šanderová, Jakub Kovařík, Roman Kanďár: An Assay of Selected Serum Amino Acids in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 447 Wojciech Szot, Joanna Zając, Magdalena Kostkiewicz, Emilia Kolarzyk: Dietary Patterns Seem to Influence the Development of Perfusion Changes in Cardiac Syndrome X Patients . . . . . . . . . . . . 453 Mustafa Sit, Ahmet S. Ilgun, Oguz Catal, Ferda N. Koksoy, Gülali Aktas, Alper Cihan: The Effects of Early Enteral Nutrition Products on the Healing of Colo-Colonic Anastomosis . . . . . . . . . . . . . 463 Barlas Sulu, Baris D. Yildiz, Elif D. Ilingi, Yusuf Gunerhan, Hulya Cakmur, Turgut Anuk, Bektas Yildiz, Neset Koksal: Single Port vs. Four Port Cholecystectomy – Randomized Trial on Quality of Life . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 469 Jan Gnus, Stanisław Ferenc, Małgorzata Dziewiszek, Lesław Rusiecki, Wojciech Witkiewicz: Comparison of Endovascular Aneurysm Repair with Open Repair in Patients with Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm in Our Own Material in Years 2002–2011 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 475 Anna M. Paradowska-Stolarz, Beata Kawala: The Nasolabial Angle Among Patients with Total Cleft Lip and Palate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 481 Réka Bodnár, László Kádár, László Szabó, Márton Hernádi, Márió Mikóczi, Ágnes Mészáros: Health Related Quality of Life of Children with Chronic Respiratory Conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 487 Małgorzata Janeczko, Ewa Niedzielska, Wojciech Pietras: Evaluation of Renal Function in Pediatric Patients after Treatment for Wilms’ Tumor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 497 1122 Annual Contents Wojciech Apoznański, Jolanta Rysiakiewicz, Marcin Polok, Konrad Rysiakiewicz, Piotr Siekanowicz, Tomasz Hilger, Jan Zagierski, Magdalena Hilger, Irena Nowak, Piotr Kolęda, Tomasz Szydełko: Transurethral Resection of the Bladder Tumour as a Treatment Method in Children with Transitional Cell Carcinoma of the Bladder – Analysis of Our Material and Literature Review . . . 505 Witold Bojar, Tomasz Ciach, Martyna Kucharska, Jan Maurin, Beata M. Gruber, Jolanta Krzysztoń-Russjan, Irena Bubko, Elżbieta L. Anuszewska: Cytotoxicity Evaluation and Crystallochemical Analysis of a Novel and Commercially Available Bone Substitute Material . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 511 Krzysztof Łukawski, Agnieszka Janowska, Stanisław J. Czuczwar: Effect of Combined Treatment with AT1 Receptor Antagonists and Tiagabine on Seizures, Memory and Motor Coordination in Mice . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 565 Bo Zhou, Gang Wang, Nanhai Peng, Xiandi He, Xiaoxiang Guan, Yun Liu: Pre-Hospital Induced Hypothermia Improves Outcomes in a Pig Model of Traumatic Hemorrhagic Shock . . . . . . . . . . . 571 Florian Ryszka, Barbara Dolińska , Aleksandra Suszka-Świtek, Monika Rykaczewska-Czerwińska, Danuta Konopińska, Mariola Kuczer, Andrzej Plech: Distribution in Rats Internal Organs of Intraperitoneally Given 125I-Labeled Heptapeptide [2-8]-Leucopyrokinin ([2-8]-LPK), a Truncated Analog of Insect Neuropeptide Leucopyrokinin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 579 Habib T. E. Karakoc, Ramazan Altintas, Hakan Parlakpinar, Alaaddin Polat, Emine Samdanci, Mustafa Sagir, Zeynep R. Duran: Protective Effects of Molsidomine Against Cisplatin-Induced Nephrotoxicity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 585 Liaqat Hussain, Muhammad S. H. Akash, Sabah Naseem, Kanwal Rehman, Kwaja Z. Ahmed: Anti-Ulcerogenic Effects of Salmalia Malabarica in Gastric Ulceration – Pilot Study . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 595 Ewa Wypasek, Marek Cieśla, Bogdan Suder, Łukasz Janik, Jerzy Sadowski, Anetta Undas: CYP2C9 Polymorphism and Unstable Anticoagulation with Warfarin in Patients Within the First 3 Months Following Heart Valve Replacement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 607 Halina Cichoż-Lach, Michał Tomaszewski, Agnieszka Kowalik, Emilia Lis, Andrzej Tomaszewski, Tomasz Lach, Sylwia Boczkowska, Krzysztof Celiński: QT Interval Prolongation and QRS Voltage Reduction in Patients with Liver Cirrhosis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 615 Sabri Koseoglu, Kursat M. Ozcan, Aykut Ikinciogullari, Mehmet A. Cetin, Erol Yildirim, Huseyin Dere: Relationship Between Neutrophil to Lymphocyte Ratio, Platelet to Lymphocyte Ratio and Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 623 Marek Doskocz, Zofia Marchewka, Magdalena Jeż, Ewa Passowicz-Muszyńska, Anna Długosz: Preliminary Study on J-Resolved NMR Method Usability for Toxic Kidney’s Injury Assessment . 629 Hasan A. Kiraz, Mesut Erbas, Adem Kucuk, Naci Topaloglu, Havva Erdem, Hasan Sahin, Huseyin Toman, Aslı Kiraz: Experimental Esophagitis Model Preventing Tracheal Aspiration . . . . . . . . . . 637 Mariusz J. Listewnik, Piotr Sielicki, Krzysztof Mokrzycki, Andrzej Biskupski, Mirosław Brykczyński: The Use of Vacuum-Assisted Closure in Purulent Complications and Difficult-To-Heal Wounds in Cardiac Surgery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 643 Artur Jurczyszyn, Ryszard Czepko, Mariusz Banach, Bartosz Godlewski, Ryszard Adam Czepko, Przemysław Masłowski, Aleksander B. Skotnicki: Percutaneous Vertebroplasty for Pathological Vertebral Compression Fractures Secondary to Multiple Myeloma – Medium-Term and LongTerm Assessment of Pain Relief and Quality of Life . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 651 Janusz Dembowski, Paweł Hackemer, Amadeusz Winkler, Anna Otlewska, Krzysztof Tupikowski, Romuald Zdrojowy: Prostate and Bladder Cancer Coexistence in Patients Undergoing Radical Cystoprostatectomy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 657 Iwona Bil-Lula, Patryk Matuszek, Thomas Pfeiffer, Mieczysław Woźniak: Lyme Borreliosis – the Utility of Improved Real-Time PCR Assay in the Detection of Borrelia burgdorferi Infections . . . 663 Sandra Sauer, Tobias Meissner, Thomas Moehler: A Furan-Based Lewis-Y-(CD174)-Saccharide Mimetic Inhibits Endothelial Functions and In Vitro Angiogenesis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 759 Dorian Nowacki, Francesca G. Klinger, Grzegorz Mazur, Massimo De Felici: Effect of Culture in Simulated Microgravity on the Development of Mouse Embryonic Testes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 769 Kahraman Ülker, Özgür Aksoy, Kürşat Çeçen, Celal Ş. Ermutlu, İsmail Temur, Engin Kiliç: CO2 Flow Dynamics of Bladder Injury During Laparoscopy and the Effect of the Content of the Abdominal Viscera During Injury – Experimental Study . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 775 Justyna Rybka, Wojciech Jurczak, Agnieszka Giza, Ewa Paszkiewicz-Kozik, Beata Kumiega, Joanna Drozd-Sokołowska, Aleksandra Butrym, Kazimierz Kuliczkowski, Tomasz Wróbel: Annual Contents 1123 Gemcitabine-Based Treatment in Poor-Prognosis Patients with Relapsed and Refractory Hodgkin Lymphoma and Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma – a Multicenter Polish Experience . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 783 Barbara Kościelniak, Ewa Wypasek, Anetta Undas: Determinants of Elevated Levels of Natural Anticoagulants in Healthy Subjects . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 791 Adam Maciejewski, Marlena Wójcicka, Magdalena Roszak, Jacek Losy, Katarzyna Łącka: Assessment of Vitamin D Level in Autoimmune Thyroiditis Patients and a Control Group in the Polish Population . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 801 Sławomir Olszewski, Ewa Olszewska, Janusz Popko, Elżbieta Poskrobko, Stanisław Sierakowski, Krzysztof Zwierz: Fibroblast-Like Synovial Cells in Rheumatoid Arthritis – the Impact of Infliximab on Hexosaminidase Activity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 807 Elżbieta Krzesiek: Fecal Calprotectin as an Activity Marker of Inflammatory Bowel Disease in Children . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 815 Monika Gudowska, Ewa Wojtowicz, Bogdan Cylwik, Ewa Gruszewska, Lech Chrostek: The Distribution of Liver Steatosis, Fibrosis, Steatohepatitis and Inflammation Activity in Alcoholics According to FibroMax Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 823 Maciej Bura, Michał Michalak, Michał K. Chojnicki, Arleta Kowala-Piaskowska, Iwona Mozer-Lisewska: Viral Hepatitis A in 108 Adult Patients During an Eight-Year Observation at a Single Center in Poland . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 829 Maciej Guziński, Jacek Kurcz, Krzysztof Tupikowski, Ewelina Antosz, Paulina Słowik, Jerzy Garcarek: The Role of Transarterial Embolization in the Treatment of Renal Tumors . . . . . . . . . . 837 Anna T. Goździk, Jacek Jakubaszko, Tomasz Grzebieniak, Wojciech Kustrzycki, Waldemar Goździk: Does the Stage of Chronic Kidney Failure Influence the Outcome in Cardiac Surgery? . . . . . . . . . 845 Kursat Zengin, Mustafa Kara, Serhat Tanik, Memduh N. Sertcelik, Asir Eraslan: Comparison of Transobturator Tape and Mini-Sling Tissue Fixation in Female Patients Who Had Stress Urinary Incontinence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 851 Sinan Hatipoglu, Ruslan Abdullayev, Omer B. Kucukebe, Mete Guler, Filiz Hatipoglu, Bulent Celik, Ali H. Reyhan: Intraocular Pressure Changes After Spinal Anesthesia – Acute and Subacute Effects on Surgery Patients . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 857 Katarzyna Pawłowska, Wioleta Umławska, Barbara Iwańczak: Prevalence of Lactose Malabsorption and Lactose Intolerance in Pediatric Patients with Selected Gastrointestinal Diseases . . . . . . . . . . 863 Monika M. Żyła, Jan Wilczyński, Agata Nowakowska-Głąb, Irena Maniecka-Bryła, Dorota Nowakowska: Pregnancy and Delivery in Women with Uterine Malformations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 873 Aysun Avsar, Emir Yuzbasioglu, Duygu Sarac: The Effect of Finishing and Polishing Techniques on the Surface Roughness and the Color of Nanocomposite Resin Restorative Materials . . . . . . . . . . 881 Tomasz Lepich, Józefa Dąbek, Edyta Jura-Szołtys, Małgorzata Witkowska, Mieczysław Piechota, Grzegorz Bajor: Orbital Opening Shape and Its Alphanumerical Classification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 943 Hoda Miranzadeh-Mahabadi, Hajar Miranzadeh-Mahabadi, Parvaneh Nikpour, Modjtaba Emadi-Baygi, Roya Kelishadi: Comparison of TaqMan Real-Time and Tetra-Primer ARMS PCR Techniques for Genotyping of Rs 8066560 Variant in Children and Adolescents with Metabolic Syndrome . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 951 Liaqat Hussain, Muhammad S. H. Akash, Noor-ul Ain, Kanwal Rehman, Muhammad Ibrahim: The Analgesic, Anti-Inflammatory and Anti-Pyretic Activities of Tinospora cordifolia . . . . . . . . . . 957 Ewelina Kowalczyk, Dominika Filipiak-Strzecka, Piotr Hamala, Nina Śmiech, Jarosław D. Kasprzak, Jacek Kuśmierek, Anna Płachcińska, Piotr Lipiec: Prognostic Implications of Discordant Results of Myocardial Perfusion Single-Photon Emission Computed Tomography and Exercise ECG Test in Patients with Stable Angina . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 965 Tevfik F. İlgenli, Alptuğ Tokatlı, Onur Akpınar, Fethi Kılıçaslan: The Effects of Cigarette Smoking on the Tp-e Interval, Tp-e/QT Ratio and Tp-e/QTc Ratio . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 973 Magdalena Mostowik, Aleksander Siniarski, Renata Gołębiowska-Wiatrak, Jadwiga Nessler, Grzegorz Gajos: Prolonged CRP Increase After Percutaneous Coronary Intervention is Associated with High Thrombin Concentrations and Low Platelet’ Response to Clopidogrel in Patients with Stable Angina . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 979 Małgorzata Kobusiak-Prokopowicz, Beata Jołda-Mydłowska, Tomasz Grzebieniak, Karol Początek, Andrzej Mysiak: Expression of Proinflammatory Factors, Proangiogenic Factors and Endostatin in Patients with Heart Failure and Different Grades of Collateral Circulation Development . . . . . 987 Krzysztof Chojnowski, Tomasz Górski, Marta Robak, Jacek Treliński: Effects of Rivaroxaban Therapy on ROTEM Coagulation Parameters in Patients with Venous Thromboembolism . . . . . 995 1124 Annual Contents Andrzej Mital, Witold Prejzner, Andrzej Hellmann: Acquired von Willebrand Syndrome During the Course of Myelofibrosis – Analysis of 32 Cases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1001 Weihua Li, Shijun Zhang: Risk Factors of Parathyroid Dysfunction in Elderly Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease Undergoing Hemodialysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1007 Wu Bing, Lin Feng: Attenuate Synovial Fluid Uncarboxylated Matrix Gla-Protein (ucMGP) Concentrations Are Linked with Radiographic Progression in Knee Psteoarthritis . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1013 Katarzyna Kuśnierz, Maciej Kajor, Dmytro Zaworonkow, Zdzisław Lekston, Monika CiupińskaKajor, Mariusz Seweryn, Paweł Lampe: Compression Anastomosis Clips Versus a Hand-Sewn Technique for Intestinal Anastomosis in Pigs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1019 Beata Leszczyńska, Helena Ziółkowska, Edyta Podsiadły, Jolanta Szych, Waldemar Rastawicki, Urszula Demkow, Maria Roszkowska-Blaim: Diagnostic Value of Serological Tests Against Verotoxigenic Escherichia coli in Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome in Children . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1031 Przemysław Jaźwiec, Paweł Gać, Piotr Niewiński, Rafał Poręba: The Quality of Imaging of the Carotid Body by the Standard Protocol for Computed Tomography Angiography of the Carotid Arteries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1037 Dariusz Timler, Michał J. Dworzyński, Łukasz Szarpak, Ewelina Gaszyńska, Krzysztof Dudek, Robert Gałązkowski: Head Trauma in Elderly Patients: Mechanisms of Injuries and CT Findings . . . . . . 1045 Marzena Kaźmierczak, Małgorzata Gierszewska, Estera Mieczkowska, Grażyna Gebuza, Mariola Banaszkiewicz: Analysis of Chosen Variables Psychological Determining the Occurrence of Mood Disorders After Childbirth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1051 Dariusz Chrzęszczyk, Tomasz Konopka, Marek Ziętek: Polymorphisms of Toll-Like Receptor 4 as a Risk Factor for Periodontitis: Meta-Analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1059 Krzysztof Andruch, Anna Płachta: Evaluating Maxilla Bone Quality Through Clinical Investigation of Voxel Grey Scale Values from Cone-Beam Computed Tomography for Dental Use . . . . . . . . . . 1071 Michał Majewski, Grażyna Dąbrowska, Malwina Pawik, Krystyna Rożek: Evaluation of a Home-Based Pulmonary Rehabilitation Program for Older Females Suffering from Bronchial Asthma 1079 REVIEWS Paweł Łaguna, Sydonia Gołębiowska-Staroszczyk, Maciej Trzaska, Małgorzata Grabarczyk, Michał Matysiak: Immunoglobulins and Their Use in Children . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 153 Li-Nan Zhang, Liang Hao, Hai-Yan Wang, Hong-Ning Su, Yong-Jun Sun, Xiao-Yue Yang, Bin Che, Jiao Xue, Zi Bin Gao: Neuroprotective Effect of Resveratrol Against Glutamate-Induced Excitotoxicity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 161 Dorota Szcześniak, Aleksandra Jawiarczyk-Przybyłowska, Joanna Rymaszewska: The Quality of Life and Psychological, Social and Cognitive Functioning of Patients with Acromegaly . . . . . . . . . 167 Ryszard R. Kacała, Sławomir Woźniak, Michał Porwolik, Paweł Dąbrowski, Zygmunt Domagała, Arkadiusz Kacała, Bohdan Gworys: Remembrance of Professor Tadeusz Marciniak – Lviv Tradition in Wrocław . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 173 Dariusz Łuciuk, Marek Łuciuk, Jacek Gajek: Alternative Right Ventricular Pacing Sites . . . . . . . . . . . 349 Magdalena Więdłocha, Piotr Marcinowicz, Bartłomiej Stańczykiewicz: Psychiatric Aspects of Herpes Simplex Encephalitis, Tick-Borne Encephalitis and Herpes Zoster Encephalitis Among Immunocompetent Patients . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 361 Andrzej Teisseyre, Justyna Gąsiorowska, Krystyna Michalak: Voltage-Gated Potassium Channels Kv1.3 – Potentially New Molecular Target in Cancer Diagnostics and Therapy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 517 Paweł Samborski Marian Grzymisławski: The Role of HSP70 Heat Shock Proteins in the Pathogenesis and Treatment of Inflammatory Bowel Diseases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 525 Joanna Adamiec-Mroczek, Hanna Zając-Pytrus, Marta Misiuk-Hojło: Caspase-Dependent Apoptosis of Retinal Ganglion Cells During the Development of Diabetic Retinopathy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 531 Aleksander Pawluś, Dąbrówka Sokołowska-Dąbek, Kinga Szymańska, Marcin S. Inglot, Urszula Zaleska-Dorobisz: Ultrasound Elastography – Review of Techniques and Its Clinical Applications in Pediatrics – Part 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 537 Alessandra Bielli, Maria G. Scioli, Pietro Gentile, Valerio Cervelli, Augusto Orlandi: Adipose Tissue-Derived Stem Cell Therapy for Post-Surgical Breast Reconstruction – More Light than Shadows . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 545 Annual Contents 1125 Marta Kucharska, Marcin Inglot, Małgorzata Kuliszkiewicz-Janus, Monika Pazgan-Simon, Brygida Knysz: Current Possibilities to Assess the Degree of Liver Fibrosis in Patients with Haemophilia Infected with HCV – Review . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 671 Marcelo Goiato, Emily Freitas, Daniela dos Santos, Rodrigo de Medeiros, Mariana Sonego: Acrylic Resin Cytotoxicity for Denture Base – Literature Review . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 679 Sylwia N. Gajda, Łukasz Kołtowski, Mariusz Tomaniak: Most Recent Evidence Behind Aggregometry and Genotyping Methods as Platelet Function Testing for Tailored Anti-Platelet Treatment Among PCI Patients . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 687 Jowita Halupczok, Anna Kluba-Szyszka, Bożena Bidzińska-Speichert, Bartłomiej Knychalski: Ovarian Hyperstimulation Caused by Gonadotroph Pituitary Adenoma – Review . . . . . . . . . . . . . 695 Zygmunt Zdrojewicz, Radosław Konieczny, Paulina Papier, Filip Szten: Brdt Bromodomains Inhibitors and Other Modern Means of Male Contraception . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 705 Marcin Nicoś, Kamila Wojas-Krawczyk, Paweł Krawczyk, Janusz Milanowski: Detection of Chromosomal Abnormalities with Different In Situ Hybridisation Techniques – the Usefulness in the Qualification of Cancer Patients for Molecularly-Targeted Therapies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 715 Urszula Zaleska-Dorobisz, Aleksander Pawluś, Kinga Szymańska, Mateusz Łasecki, Marcin Ziajkiewicz: Ultrasound Elastography – Review of Techniques and Its Clinical Applications in Pediatrics – Part 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 725 Marta Miernik, Włodzimierz Więckiewicz: The Basic Conservative Treatment of Temporomandibular Joint Anterior Disc Displacement Without Reduction – Review . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 731 Halina Ey-Chmielewska, Małgorzata Chruściel-Nogalska, Bogumiła Frączak: Photogrammetry and Its Potential Application in Medical Science on the Basis of Selected Literature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 737 Małgorzata Skucha-Nowak, Mirosław Gibas, Marta Tanasiewicz, Henryk Twardawa, Tomasz Szklarski: Natural and Controlled Demineralization for Study Purposes in Minimally Invasive Dentistry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 891 Marta Wesoła, Michał Jeleń: A Comparison of IHC and FISH Cytogenetic Methods in the Evaluation of HER2 Status in Breast Cancer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 899 Wioletta Mędrzycka-Dąbrowska, Sebastian Dąbrowski, Andrzej Basiński: Problems and Barriers in Ensuring Effective Acute and Post-Operative Pain Management – an International Perspective . . 905 Małgorzata Pawelec, Małgorzata Dżugalik, Jolanta Pietras, Łukasz Bełza, Łukasz Latkowski: Medical and Ethical Considerations Related to Viable Fetuses with Trisomy 13 in the 36th Week of Pregnancy – a Review of the Literature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 911 Rafał Małecki, Joanna Kluz, Joanna Przeździecka-Dołyk, Rajmund Adamiec: The Pathogenesis and Diagnosis of Thromboangiitis obliterans: Is It Still a Mystery? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1085 Hanna M. Zając-Pytrus, Agnieszka Pilecka, Anna Turno-Kręcicka, Joanna Adamiec-Mroczek, Marta Misiuk-Hojło: The Dry Form of Age-Related Macular Degeneration (AMD): The Current Concepts of Pathogenesis and Prospects for Treatment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1099 Kamil Kaczorowski, Małgorzata Mulak, Dorota Szumny, Marta Misiuk-Hojło: Heidelberg Edge Perimeter: The New Method of Perimetry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1105 Mirosław Słowik, Monika M. Biernat, Donata Urbaniak-Kujda, Katarzyna Kapelko-Słowik, Marta Misiuk-Hojło: Mycotic Infections of the Eye . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1113