tom 38 numer 3 rok 1999

POST. MIKROBIOL.,
1999, 38, 3, 257
MOLEKUŁARNE PODSTAWY
PATOGENNEGO DZIAŁANIA
CLOSTRIDIUM PERFRINGENS
Ewa Augustynowicz
1. Wstęp. 2. Główne toksyny C. perfringens. 2.1. Toksyna alfa. 2.2. Toksyna beta. 2.3. Toksyna
epsilon. 2.4. Toksyna jota. 3. Uboczne toksyny C. perfringens. 4. Enterotoksyny. 4.1. Enterotoksyna a
sporulacja. 4.2. Enterotoksyna jako potencjalny antygen szczepionkowy. 4.3. Szczepy C. perfringens
będące przyczyną zatruć pokarmowych. 5. System regulacji syntezy toksyn. 6. Wykrywanie
obecności oraz typu toksyny C. perfringens. 7. Epidemiologia molekularna szczepów C. perfringens:
biotyp a genotyp. 8. Podsumowanie
Molecular aspects of Clostridium perfringens pathogenic activity
Abstract:
C. perfringens is capable to produce different toxins which are including an
array of diseases in humans and animals. Its ability to synthetize 4 antigens: alpha, beta,
epsilon, and iota, comprising main toxins groups, was a basis for their differentiation into 5
biotypes. To another group are belonging: enterotoxin and theta, lambda, nu, mu, delta,
kappa, eta, gamma minor toxins. Precise biotype determination is extremely useful in
epidemiological studies in relation to prevention procedures. Genes encoding alpha, theta,
kappa, and nu toxins are localised at different chromosomal sites. Toxins CPE, betal, beta2,
epsilon, iota are expressed from genes localised in mobile genomic elements. Techniques
based on amplification or hybridisation are involved in C. perfringens gene identification and
toxin type determination, thus allowing for reduction and/or elimination of animal tests. They
also allow for C. perfringens genome polymorphism analysis.
1. Introduction. 2. Major toxins of C. perfringens. 2.1. Alpha toxin. 2.2. Beta toxin. 2.3. Epsilon toxin.
2.4. Jota toxin. 3. Minor toxin of C. perfringens. 4. Enterotoxin. 4.1. Enterotoxin and sporulation.
4.2. Enterotoxin as a potential vaccine antigen. 4.3. Strains of C. perfringens as causes of food
poisoning. 5. Regulation system of toxin synthesis. 6. Detection and typing of C. perfringens toxins.
7. Molecular epidemiology of C. perfringens: toxinotype and genotype. 8. Summary.