Mastogenius Sol. (Coleoptera: Buprestidae)

The Coleopterists Society
Mastogenius Sol. (Coleoptera: Buprestidae) of Ecuador and Peru West of the Andean Mountains
with Descriptions of Five New Species
Author(s): Gary V. Manley
Reviewed work(s):
Source: The Coleopterists Bulletin, Vol. 40, No. 3 (Sep., 1986), pp. 223-231
Published by: The Coleopterists Society
Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/4008351 .
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The Coleopterists Bulletin, 40(3):223-231.
1986.
MASTOGENIUS SOL. (COLEOPTERA: BUPRESTIDAE)
OF ECUADOR AND PERU WEST OF THE ANDEAN
MOUNTAINS WITH DESCRIPTIONS OF
FIVE NEW SPECIES
GARY V. MANLEY
Departmentof Zoology, MichiganState University,
East Lansing,MI 48824, U.S.A.
ABSTRACr
Five new species of Mastogenius from the seasonally dry region of southwestern
Ecuadorare described.They representthe first recordsof the genus from Ecuador.A
key is includedfor the species of Mastogenius of Ecuadorand Peru west of the Andean
Mountains.
The seasonallydry regionof southwestEcuadorrepresentsa unique habitat
region, especially since the area contains a large number of endemic plant
species (Gentry 1977). Studies of the Buprestidaefrom the region suggest at
least some insect generafrom this region also have a high level of endemism.
The regionis borderedon the west by the PacificOcean and the east by the
Andes Mountains.North to south betweenthese areasthe regionis a transition
zone from the dry desert of coastal Peru to the wet forest of the EcuadorColombia border.Rainfall varies considerablyin the region, but generallythe
climate becomes drieras one goes west from the base of the mountainstoward
the Pacific and toward the south.
Five species of MastogeniusSol. have been collected from the region and
all are new and all are known to occur only in the Ecuadorianprovinces of
Guayas and Manabi. A sixth species, M. peruvianusFisher, is known only
from northernPeruand should be considereda partof the faunaof this region.
All type specimensare in the collection of the authorunless noted otherwise.
Mastogeniuselinarae Manley, new species
(Figs. 1, 8, 17)
HOLOTYPE
MALE.
Elongateoval; stronglyshining;sparselypubescent;elytradeep blue
with blue-greentinge (in the field, specimensappearbrightblue in sunlight);pronotum,
head, ventral surfaceand legs uniformlyblack. Head: Slightlyconvex, without median
depression;surfacesparselypunctatewith single short seta within each depression,area
between punctatedepressions smooth and slightly granulate;eyes with inner margins
slightly converginganteriorly;antenna serrate from fourth segment, hairy, extending
beyond posteriorborderof prosternum.Pronotum:Regularlyconvex; wider than long,
distinctly narrowerat apex than at base, widest at middle; sides broadly, arcuately
divergingfrom apical angles to near middle, then feebly, obliquely convergingto the
rectangularposteriorangles;anteriormargin stronglyemarginate,broadly rounded in
front;posteriormargintruncate,slightlysinuate;marginaland submarginalcarinaewidely
separated,greatestwidth nearthe middle, anteriorend of marginalcarinaturnedtoward
submarginalcarina and distinctly not reachinganterior border of pronotum; surface
uniformly,shallowly punctate;intervals smooth; surfaceuniformlyclothed with short
recumbenthairs. Scutellum:Black, triangular,smooth. Elytra:Convex, as wide as pro223
THE COLEOPTERISTS BULLETIN 40(3), 1986
224
1
2
5
6
3
4
7
Figs. 1-7. Mastogeniusspp., dorsal view. 1, M. elinarae,n. sp. 2, M. guayasensis,
n. sp. 3, M. manglaraltoensis,n. sp. 4, M. jipijapa, n. sp. 5, M. changonensis,n. sp. 6,
M. peruvianusFisher. 7, M. manglaraltoensis,n. sp., front of head showing pit on frons.
notum at base;sides nearlyparallelfrom humeralanglesto near middle, then arcuately
convergingto truncatetips; deep, oblique transversedepressionnear base, surfaceuniformly, irregularly,shallowly punctate,intervals smooth; sparselyclothed with short,
semierecthairs,each hair arisingfrom base of small pit. UNDERSIDES:Abdomenconvex,
punctate,sparselyclothed with shortrecumbenthairs;last sternitepunctate,truncateat
apex. Prostemum punctate,without antennalgrooves. Posteriormarginof hind coxal
THE COLEOPTERISTS BULLETIN 40(3), 1986
225
plates sinuate. Genitalia as in Figure 14. Body size: Length 3.6 mm, width 1.58 mm
(elytra);length 2.3 times width.
ALLOTYPE
FEMALE.
Form and size as for male. Differsby having antennae slightly
shorter,not reachingmesosternumand with less hairs on segments. Length 3.48 mm,
width 1.6 mm (elytra);length 2.2 times width.
TYPES. Holotype male: Ecuador, Manabi prov., 1.5 km east of Puerto Cayo,
27 February 1981, G. V. Manley. Allotype female: Ecuador, Guayas prov.,
Guayaquil, Los Ceibos, 22 February 1981, G. V. Manley. Paratypes: 43 specimens (20 66, 23 22) collected by G. V. Manley from west of Guayaquil in
Guayas province and 1 km east of Puerto Cayo in Manabi province during
1981 and 1982. Manabi province: 1 6, 27 February 1981; 1 2, 28 February
1981; 1 2, 1 March 1981. Guayas province: 1 6, 1 2, 23 January 1982; 1 6, 5
February 1982; 2 66, 10 February 1982; 1 8, 12 February 1982; 1 2, 13 February
1982; 2 66, 1 2, 16 February 1982; 2 66, 12, 20 February 1982; 3 2, 22 February
1982; 3 22, 23 February 1982; 1 2, 26 February 1982; 6 66, 6 22, 27 February
1982; 1 2, 1 March 1982; 3636,32, 5 March 1982. 1 6, H. Howden, 22 February
1981 (H. Howden collection).
VARIATION. This species is represented in nature by two color phases. The
holotype description is based on the blue form, but a brown form exists which
appears to be morphologically identical to the blue form except in color. Both
color forms were collected in the same regions at the same time of the year.
The blue form is most common by about a 2:1 ratio. During 1981 and 1982,
29 blue specimens were collected and 13 brown specimens. A few specimens
were intermediate in color but most are distinctly bright blue or bright bronzebrown. Colors may vary within the blue forms with some specimens showing
a slight green tinge. Commonly the pronotum and elytra may be different
shades.
ETYMOLOGY.The species is named after Elinar A. Manley who has collected
numerous Coleoptera throughout the neotropics.
Mastogenius guayasensis Manley, new species
(Figs. 2, 9, 15)
HOLOTYPE
MALE.Elongateoval, convex, stronglyshining, uniformly piceous with
distinct deep blue or blue-greentinge. Head: Flat in front, without median depression
or groove, surfacecoarsely,irregularlypunctate,intervalssmooth; eyes with inner marginsstronglyconverginganteriorly;antennaserratefromfourthsegment,hairy,extending
to middle of mesosternum.Pronotum:Regularlyconvex, slightly wider than long, narrowerat apex than at base; sides broadlyrounded,widest at middle, broadlydiverging
from apical angles to middle, then feebly, obliquely converging to posterior angles;
anteriormarginbroadlyemarginate,subtruncateat middle; posteriormargintruncate,
straight;marginaland submarginalcarinae widest apart near middle, anteriorend of
marginalcarinaturned toward submarginalcarinaand distinctly not reachinganterior
borderof pronotum;surfaceirregularlypunctate,puncturesmost common nearanterior
margin;centerand lateralregionsdenselyclothedwith fine,transverse,undulatingrugae,
bottom of furrowswith punctureseach with a moderatelylong, recumbent,white hair;
intervals smooth; clothed with recumbentwhite hairs, hairs longest in center regions.
Scutellum:Deep bronze, shining, triangular,smooth. Elytra:Convex, slightly flattened
along median suture,as wide as pronotumat base; sides nearly parallelfrom humeral
anglesto just beforemiddle then arcuatelyconvergingto tips, each tip broadlyrounded
andsmooth;deeplyobliquely,transverselydepressedalongbases;with slightlongitudinal
depressionalong sides near humeralangles,surfacecoarselypunctate;intervalssmooth.
Undersides:Abdomen convex; uniformlyshiningdark black;densely, coarselypunctate
and clothed with shortrecumbenthairs;intervalssmooth;last segmenttruncateat apex.
226
THE COLEOPTERISTS BULLETIN 40(3), 1986
Posteriormarginsof hind coxalplatesslightlysinuate.Prostemumrathercoarsely,densely granulatewith scattered,shortlongitudinalridges;withoutantennalgrooves,but with
small notches along anteriormargin at prosternalepisternumsuture. Genitalia as in
Figure 15. Body size: Length2.75 mm, width 1.05 mm; length 2.6 times width.
ALLOTYPEFEMALE. Similarto male except antennaemuch shorter,not reachingthe
posteriormarginof the prosternum.
TYPES. Holotype male: Ecuador, Guayas, 40 km southwest Guayaquil, 5
February 1982, G. V. Manley. Allotype female: same data as holotype. Paratypes: 877 specimens (537 66, 340 QQ)collected by G. V. Manley from west of
Guayaquil, Ecuador, in Guayas and Manabi provinces. All specimens were
collected from the seasonally dry region between Guayaquil and the Pacific
Coast as far north as Manta and as far south as Machala. Guayas province: 15
66, 5 QQ,21 February 1981; 71 66, 33 QQ,22 February 1981; 1 Q, 1 March 1981;
9 66, 10 QQ, 16 January 1982; 39 66, 34 2Q, 23 January 1982; 7 66, 4 22, 28
January 1982; 2 66,2 22, 30 January 1982; 6 66, 8 2Q, 4 February 1982; 70 66,
13 22, 5 February 1982; 66 66, 18 22, 6 February 1982; 9 66, 12 February 1982;
68 66, 38 22, 13 February 1982; 30 66, 24 22, 16 February 1982; 70 66, 79 22,
20 February 1982; 6 66, 7 QQ,23 February 1982; 3 66, 6 22, 26 February 1982;
28 6d, 21 22, 27 February 1982; 13 66,25 22, 5 March 1982. Manabi province:
11 66, 5 22, 27 February 1981; 4 66, 3 22, 28 February 1981; 20 66, 5 22, 22
February 1982. Specimens collected by H. Howden in Guayas province; 3 66,
22 February 1981 (H. Howden collection).
The species is named after the province of Guayas, Ecuador,
ETYMOLOGY.
which contains much of the unique dry forest inhabited by this species.
HOST.Specimens emerged from caged branches of Prosopis sp. and Leucaena trichodes (Jacq.) Benth., both in Leguminosae.
The species shows considerable variation in both size and color
VARIATION.
as well as other morphological characters. Males range in size from 2.2-2.8
mm. Females range in size from 2.7-3.4 mm. Color is very variable and is of
little value for identification. Specimens vary from uniformly piceous to uniformly deep metallic blue or blue-black. Some specimens appear very bluish,
particularly the females, which generally are more bluish than the males. Usually females have at least some blue dorsally. Some specimens may be uniformly
one color and others may have a piceous elytra and bluish pronotum and still
others may have a piceous or aeneous pronotum and a blue elytra. Color
variation is mostly on the dorsal surface, whereas the ventral surface and legs
are usually uniformly piceous. Only rarely is the ventral surface bluish.
Mastogenius manglaraltoensis Manley, new species
(Figs. 3, 7, 10, 16)
convex, strongly shining, uniformly dark
HOLOTYPE MALE. Elongate-subquadrate,
brown with cupreoustinge. Head: Slightlyconvex; with broad, distinct, shallow longitudinaldepressionin front,with deep roundfovea in centerof depressionbetweeneyes;
surface coarsely uniformly punctate, intervals finely granulose,with scattered,short,
recumbentpubescenceoriginatingfrom punctures;eyes with innermarginsslightlyconverginganteriorly;antennaserratefrom fourth segment, hairy, extendingto middle of
mesosternum.Pronotum:Regularlyconvex; twice as wide as long, narrowerat apex than
base, widest in middle region;sides broadly,arcuatelydivergingfrom apical angles to
anteriorone-fourth,then parallelto posteriorone-fourth,then arcuatelyconvergingto
the obtuse posteriorangles;anteriormarginbroadlyemarginate;posteriormargintruncate;marginaland submarginalcarinaewidestapartnearanteriorend of marginalcarina,
which is turnedaway from submarginalcarina, marginalcarinadistinctlynot reaching
THE COLEOPTERISTS BULLETIN 40(3), 1986
12
227
13
Figs. 8-13. Mastogeniusspp., pronotum,dorsal view. 8, M. elinarae,n. sp. 9, M.
guayasensis,n. sp. 10, M. manglaraltoensis,n. sp. 11, M. jipijapa, n. sp. 12, M. changonensis,n. sp. 13, M. peruvianusFisher.
anteriorborderof pronotum;surfaceratherdensely, uniformlyclothed with shortwhite
recumbenthairs;uniformly,shallowlypunctate;intervalssmooth.Scutellum:Darkbrown,
triangular,smooth. Elytra:Stronglyconvex, anteriorone-half raised, slightly flattened
along median, posteriorone-half bent downward,stronglysloping to tips, as wide as
pronotumat base;sides nearlyparallelfromhumeralanglesto nearmiddle,thenarcuately
228
THE COLEOPTERISTS BULLETIN 40(3), 1986
15
16
14
17
~~18
Figs. 14-18. Mastogeniusspp., male genitalia,dorsal view. 14, M. elinarae,n. sp.
15, M. guayasensis,n. sp. 16, M. manglaraltoensis,n. sp. 17, M. jipijapa, n. sp. 18, M.
changonensis,n. sp.
expandedslightlyat apical third, then arcuatelyconvergingto separatelytruncatetips;
surfacedeeply, transverselydepressedalong bases, longitudinallydepressedalong sides
from near humeralto posteriorthird; uniformlyshallowlypunctate;intervalssmooth.
Undersides:Abdomen convex, broadly flattened at middle, coarsely, rather densely
punctate,clothed with scatteredrecumbentwhite hairs,intervalsgranulate;last sternite
truncateat apex and clothed with recumbenthairs. Posteriormarginof hind coxal plate
slightly sinuate and concave. Prosternumwithout antennal grooves, surfacecoarsely,
confluentlygranuloseor rugosebecomingreticulatetowardsides. Genitaliaas in Figure
16. Body size: Length2.3 mm, width 1.1 mm, length 2.1 times width.
ALLOTYPE
FEMALE.Form, size and color similar to male. No important differences
noted except shorterantennae.
TYPES.Holotype male: Ecuador, Guayas prov., 3 km northwest of Mang-
THE COLEOPTERISTS BULLETIN 40(3), 1986
229
laralto, VIII-11-1981, Gary V. Manley. Allotype female: Ecuador,same data
as holotype. Only two specimens of this species are known.
REMARKS.The species is most similar to M. peruvianusFisher, but differs
fromM. peruvianusby beingbroaderin form,distinctlyappearingsubquadrate;
dorsal surfaceof the pronotumis pubescent;the pronotumis more than twice
as wide as long, whereas pronotum of M. peruvianusis only 11/2 times wider
than long. The species from Ecuadoris 30%shorteryet is slightly wider than
M. peruvianus.The surface texture is also different on both the dorsal and
ventral surfaces.
ETYMOLOGY.The species is named after the Ecuadorianfishing village of
Manglaraltoalong the Pacific Coast, which is the largest town in the region
where the specimens were collected.
Mastogenius jipijapa Manley, new species
(Figs. 4, 11, 17)
HOLOTYPE MALE.
Elongateoval, convex, stronglyshining, uniformlybronze-brown.
Head: Flat in front, without distinct median depression or groove; surface densely,
coarsely,uniformlypunctate,intervalsgranulate;eyes with inner marginsconvergingto
each other towardapex; antennaserratefrom fourth segment,hairy, long, extendingto
first abdominal sternite. Pronotum:Regularlyconvex, slightly wider than long (width
1.2 mm, length0.8 mm), narrowerat apex than at base; sides broadlyrounded,widest
near middle, broadlydivergingfrom apicalanglesto nearmiddle, then feebly,obliquely
convergingto posteriorhumeralangles;marginaland submarginalcarinaewidest apart
nearmiddle,anteriorend of marginalcarinaturnedtowardsubmarginalcarina,marginal
carina not distinctly reachinganterior border of pronotum; anterior margin broadly
emarginateat middle; posterior margin truncate, straight;surface uniformly densely
punctate;intervalssmooth; uniformlyclothed with recumbentlight colored hairs. Scutellum: Deep bronze-brown,shining, triangularand smooth. Elytra: Convex, slightly
flattenedalong median suture,as wide as pronotumat base; sides nearlyparallelfrom
humeralanglesto behind middle then arcuatelyconvergingto smooth and truncatetips;
stronglytransverselydepressedalong bases, with slight longitudinaldepression along
sides nearhumeralanglesto anteriorone-third;more or less uniformly,densely,coarsely
punctate;intervalssmooth. Undersides:Abdomen
convex, uniformlyshiningdarkbronze,
color slightlydarkerthan elytra,densely punctateand sparselyclothed with white hairs,
intervals smooth, median of first segmentwith batch of long white hairs, last segment
truncateat apex. Interiormarginof hind coxae plate expanded,exteriormarginnarrow,
posterior margin slightly sinuate. Prosternumconvex, rather coarsely punctate, interspacessmooth, withoutridges,middleclothedwith long hairs;withoutantennalgrooves,
but with notches along anteriormarginat prosternal-epistemalsuture. Genitalia as in
Figure 17. Body size: Length2.85 mm, width 1.1 mm (at middle of pronotum);length
2.6 times width.
ALLOTYPE
FEMALE.
Generalappearanceand color similar as for male. Female has
fewerlong hairson prostemumand firstabdominalsegment. Antennashorter,reaching
only slightlybeyond posteriormarginof prosternum.
TYPES. Holotype male: Ecuador, Manabi province, 1 mile north Jipijapa,
1,100 feet, VI-12-1982, Gary V. Manley. Allotype female: same data as holotype except VI-16-1982. Paratypes: 1 6, and 2 QV,same data as holotype
except VI-16-1982; 2 22, VI-19-1982.
ETYMOLOGY.
Named after the town of Jipijapa, Ecuador.
Mastogenius changonensis Manley, new species
(Figs. 5, 12, 18)
HOLOTYPE
MALE.Elongate-subquadrate,
convex, strongly shining, uniformlydark
brown.Head:Flatin front,with a deep, broadelongatedepressionon lowerthree-fourths
THE COLEOPTERISTS BULLETIN 40(3), 1986
230
extendingfrom clypeusto beyond middle of frons;surfaceuniformly,coarselypunctate,
intervals finely granulosewithout pubescence;with small carina from top of elongate
depression to vertex; eyes with inner margins very slightly convergingto each other
towardsapex;antennaserratefrom fourthsegment,hairy,extendingto mesocoxa. Pronotum:Uniformly, stronglyconvex, 1.5 times wider than long, width at base and apex
aboutequal,widest at anteriorone-fourth,sides broadly,arcuatelydivergingfrom apical
anglesto anteriorone-fourth,then convergingposteriorlyuntiljust beforeelytra,last 0.2
mm sharplyconvergingto humeralangle;anteriormarginbroadlyemarginate;posterior
marginslightlysinuate, feebly producedtowardposteriorat middle;marginaland submarginalcarinaewidestapartnearmiddle,anteriorend of marginalcarinaturnedslightly
towardsubmarginalcarina,not reachinganteriorborderof pronotum;surfaceuniformly,
shallowlypunctate;intervalssmooth;a rathernon-distinct,shortwhitisherecthairarising
from base of each puncture;when viewed from some angles surfaceappearspunctatestriateparticularlytowardslateralmargins,striaeappearirregularbut generallyaretransverse, sinuate and may appearscalloped. Scutellum:Dark brown, triangular,smooth.
Elytra:Stronglyconvex, anteriorone-halfraised,slightlyglobose,posteriorone-halfbent
downward,stronglysloping to tips; as wide as pronotumat base; sides nearly parallel
from humeralangles to middle, slightly concave in middle, then arcuatelyexpanded
slightly at apical one-third, then arcuatelyconvergingto separately,broadly rounded
tips;surfacetransverselydepressedalong bases, uniformlyirregularlypunctate,intervals
smooth, without hairs. Undersides:Abdomen convex, broadly flattened at middle;
coarsely,ratherdenselypunctate;clothedwith scatteredrecumbentwhite hairs;intervals
smooth; last sternite broadlyrounded, subtruncateat apex and clothed with scattered
recumbentlong erect hairs, finely punctatewith intervalssmooth in middle and finely
pitted on sides. Posterior margin of hind coxal plate sinuate and concave at middle.
Prostemumwithout antennalgrooves, surfacecoarselypunctate.Genitaliaas in Figure
18. Body size: Length2.55 mm, width 1.15 mm at humeralanglesof elytra;length 2.2
times width.
ALLOTYPEFEMALE.Form,size and color similaras for male. No importantdifferences
observed.
TYPES.Holotype male: Ecuador, Guayas prov., 40 km west of Guayaquil,
XI-24-82, Gary V. Manley. Allotype female: Ecuador, same data as holotype
except XI-12-82. Paratypes: 2 99, same data as holotype.
REMARKS. This species is similar to M. peruvianus Fisher and M. manglaraltoensis Manley, but can be separated by characters given in the key to
species.
ETYMOLOGY.
This species is named after the Changon Mountains of western
Guayas province. The species was collected from the low hills at the extreme
southern end of the range.
The species of Mastogenius found in the dry Pacific Coast forest of western
Ecuador and Peru appear to be endemic. Therefore the following key to species
of the region is provided to help identify known species.
KEY TO THE MASTOGENIUS OF PERU AND ECUADOR
WEST OF THE ANDEAN MOUNTAINS
1.
2.
3.
-
2
Front of head convex, without pit or deep depression.
.
4
Front of head with a deep pit or elongate depression.
.
M. jipijapa n. sp.
Ventral surface uniformly shining brown.
V entral surface piceous.
.......................... 3
.............................
Pronotum approximately 2 times as wide as long. Larger species,
elinarae n. sp.
length 3.0-4.1 mm. .M.
Pronotum approximately 1.5 times as wide as long. Smaller species,
length 2.2-3.4 mm. .M.
guayasensis n. sp.
THE COLEOPTERISTS BULLETIN 40(3), 1986
231
4. Body robust, elytraapproximately1.5 times as long as wide. Pronotum distinctly pubescent with moderatelylong white recumbentsetae, disk uniformlyconvex..M.
manglaraltoensisn. sp.
Body more elongate, elytra approximately 1.75-2.00 times as long
as wide. Pronotumwithout long white recumbentsetae, disk strongly
convex or slightly globose.
.....5
5. Pronotumdistinctlywidest at anterior1/3, distinctlywider than greatest width of elytra..M.
changonensisn. sp.
Pronotum widest at or near middle, not wider than greatest width
of elytra..M.
peruvianusFisher
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
The authorwishes to expressthanksto the followingpersonsand institutions
for their contributionsto this study:Dr. Henry F. Howden for providingtime
and making available the scanning electron microscope and Mr. Lewis Ling
for taking the photographs(both at CarletonUniversity); Mr. Peter H. Carringtonfor doing the drawingsof the genitalia;ElinarA. Manley, Dr. Stanley
Wellso,and Dr. HenryHowden for suggestionsduringmanuscriptpreparation;
and the Department of Zoology, Michigan State University, for manuscript
preparation.
LITERATURE CITED
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A. H. 1977. Endangeredplantspeciesand habitatsof Ecuadorand Amazonian
Peru. In: Extinction is forever, Prance, G. T., and T. S. Elias, (editors). N.Y.
BotanicalGarden,N.Y.
(Received 9 May 1985; accepted 24 July 1985)
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