The community of fans myth or reality?
Transkrypt
The community of fans myth or reality?
The community of fans myth or reality? Dr Dominik Antonowicz, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Torun Dr Radosław Kossakowski, Gdansk University, Gdansk prof. Tomasz Szlendak, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Torun Twente-Lechia Project The project covers two football clubs Fc Twente Enschede (NL) and Lechia Gdaosk (PL) -condcuted 2010-2012; Research problem: The reaction of fans to the rapid commercialisation of thier football clubs in different political and economic environment Methodology: (a) participatory observations; (b) shadowing of vak-p; (c) individual interviews; (d) etnography. Explanatory and empirical research project Social capital "I do not refer to real estate, or to personal property or to cold cash, but rather to that in life which tends to make these tangible substances count for most in the daily lives of people, namely, goodwill, fellowship, mutual sympathy and social intercourse among a group of individuals and families who make up a social unit… L.J. Hanifan 1916 (130-131) According to Robert Putnam, social capital "refers to the collective value of all 'social networks’ and the inclinations that arise from these networks to do things for each other". Sport fandom contributes to building social capital „fandom is a collective issue” „shared passion outside the ground” „sense of togetherness” „extreme emotions that bound fans together” „performing rituals such as collective singing, „going through extreme situations” „strong identity of WE based on OUR CLUB” „similarly sets of values” 12-11-28 The research shows that for so called hardcore fans football fandom is very much about „being together” on and off the ground. Kliknij, aby edytowad styl wzorca podtytułu How much this unque social capital is transfarrable outside stadiums? Kliknij, aby edytowad styl wzorca podtytułu 1. Politics The Lions of the North (Lwy Północy) begun to rebuild their club from the ashes by participating in election ot the local council as „Forza Lechia” in 2002 . Although they failed to get into the local council but with reasonably high popularity they become important stakeholder for the local authority. No longer, could they be ignored and issues they fought for – Lechia Gdaosk! 2. Crime We find little evidence that social capital taken from football grounds is misused for criminal purposes (in Lechia and FC Twente). However there are evidence that at least some groups of hooligans (in Poland) operate outside football grounds in business related to drugs dealing, smuggling alcohol, providing „security” at night clubs, the executions of usury. Since they operate as „organized criminal groups” there is little doubt that they use social capital also from football grounds. 3. Charity 4. Business Trust is one of the most valuable assets in business. Just as a screwdriver (physical capital) or a university education (cultural capital or human capital) can increase productivity (both individual and collective), so do social contacts affect the productivity of individuals and groups„ (R. Putnam, 2000) 5. Social For example I have just bough a house and the lads from Fc Twente helped me to redecorate it. I bought materials only since they do not accept money for their great work. We are really a community but I think we are not the only ones. (Twente fan). „Thanks to our action we have gained fans who will be loyal to Lechia for years – saying Michal Nowosad from „The Lions of The North". It was our goal anyway – we want to attract young people to the club and 'infect' them with positive supporting. Only a few people have a chance to know activities of ultras from 'the kitchen', so I suppose that in school's halls kids will talk about our action long time” Kliknij, aby edytowad styl wzorca podtytułu 12-11-28 Bowling alone…in football? New type of fans/customers can be seen through Putnam’s work „Bowling alone…” New football fans become the customers of popular entertainment but they do not need to develop social relations with others to enjoy modern football. Consumption of modern football is in fact an individual activity. Supporting alone 12-11-28 Thank you for attention! Please feel free to contact us: [email protected] [email protected] [email protected]