Contents
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Contents
Contents Introduction...................................................................................................... 9 Part 1. International trade as a factor of innovation in Asian economies Jerzy Dudziński, Jarosław Narękiewicz, Iwona Wasiak: Price movements in the international trade and Asian developing countries’ exports............ Guenter Heiduk: Is innovation-based competitiveness in trade crisisresistant? The case of China........................................................................ Bartosz Michalski: Technological intensity of the international trade. The case of the second-tier Asian Tigers..................................................... Paweł Pasierbiak: Technological intensity of Japanese merchandise trade..... Ewa Mińska-Struzik: Learning by exporting as a source of innovation in Asian companies.......................................................................................... 13 23 36 47 59 Part 2. Foreign direct investment as a source of innovation in Asian economies Magdalena Kinga Stawicka: Economic and Technological Development Zones (ETDZ) as a place of FDI location in China..................................... 75 Maciej Żmuda: The determinants of Chinese outward foreign direct investment to developing countries............................................................. 86 Tadeusz Sporek: Foreign direct investment in Nepal. Strategy and promotion..................................................................................................... 98 Aleksandra Kuźmińska-Haberla: Promotion of foreign direct investment. Examples from the Asia-Pacific region....................................................... 109 Part 3. Innovativeness of network in Eastern Asia Sebastian Bobowski, Marcin Haberla: Networked clusters in the context of knowledge-seeking strategy of international business............................ Jerzy Grabowiecki: Zaibatsu conglomerates as organisational innovations at the time of the modernisation of Japan’s economy.................................. Małgorzata Wachowska: The importance of the Japanese keiretsu groups for knowledge spillover............................................................................... Małgorzata Dolińska: Network-centric innovations. The case of China........ Anna H. Jankowiak: Chinese industrial clusters............................................ 121 132 144 153 164 6 Contents Karolina Łopacińska: Cultural differences in the context of managing an international corporation with a Swedish and Chinese capital.............. 174 Part 4. Innovativeness of Asian financial markets Magdalena Broszkiewicz: Innovations in corporate governance system as a necessary improvements of capital market in Japan................................. Jacek Pera: Modern trends in financial innovations on the Asian market. An attempt of assessment............................................................................ Artur Klimek: Sovereign wealth funds in the global economy...................... Paweł Folfas: Dubai – an emerging and innovative offshore financial centre. 187 198 208 217 Streszczenia Jerzy Dudziński, Jarosław Narękiewicz, Iwona Wasiak: Ruch cen w handlu międzynarodowym a eksport azjatyckich krajów rozwijających się...... Guenter Heiduk: Czy konkurencyjność w handlu oparta na innowacjach jest odporna na kryzys? Przykład Chin............................................................. Bartosz Michalski: Technologiczna intensywność handlu międzynarodowego. Przypadek tygrysów azjatyckich drugiej generacji............................... Paweł Pasierbiak: Intensywność technologiczna japońskiego handlu towarowego.......................................................................................................... Ewa Mińska-Struzik: Uczenie się przez eksport jako źródło innowacji w przedsiębiorstwach azjatyckich............................................................... Magdalena Kinga Stawicka: Ekonomiczne i technologiczne strefy rozwoju jako miejsce lokowania bezpośrednich inwestycji zagranicznych w Chinach........................................................................................................ Maciej Żmuda: Motywy bezpośrednich inwestycji zagranicznych Chin w krajach rozwijających się......................................................................... Tadeusz Sporek: Zagraniczne inwestycje bezpośrednie w Nepalu. Strategia i promocja...................................................................................................... Aleksandra Kuźmińska-Haberla: Promocja bezpośrednich inwestycji zagranicznych. Rozwiązania z krajów regionu Azji i Pacyfiku..................... Sebastian Bobowski, Marcin Haberla: Usieciowione klastry w kontekście strategii knowledge-seeking biznesu międzynarodowego.......................... Jerzy Grabowiecki: Konglomeraty zaibatsu jako innowacje organizacyjne okresu modernizacji gospodarki Japonii..................................................... Małgorzata Wachowska: Znaczenie japońskich grup keiretsu dla rozprzestrzeniania się wiedzy................................................................................. Małgorzata Dolińska: Innowacje powstające w sieci na przykładzie Chin.... 22 35 46 58 71 85 97 108 118 131 143 152 163 Contents Anna H. Jankowiak: Chińskie klastry przemysłowe...................................... Karolina Łopacińska: Różnice kulturowe w kontekście zarządzania firmą wielonarodową z kapitałem szwedzkim i chińskim.................................... Magdalena Broszkiewicz: Innowacje w systemie ładu korporacyjnego jako konieczne udoskonalenie funkcjonowania rynku kapitałowego w Japonii. Jacek Pera: Współczesne tendencje w zakresie innowacji finansowych na rynku azjatyckim. Próba oceny................................................................... Artur Klimek: Rola państwowych funduszy majątkowych w gospodarce światowej..................................................................................................... Paweł Folfas: Dubaj – wschodzące i innowacyjne centrum finansowe........... 7 173 184 197 207 216 226 Introduction Innovations are one of the most important factors affecting the competitiveness of countries in global economy. Foreign relations stimulated by the growing trade and liberalisation of foreign direct investment between countries of a contrasting level of economic development emphasise the impact of innovation and propagate the innovative approach to economy. Innovation in modern economy is also, without doubt, related to the processes observed on international financial markets, where innovative instruments and solutions are introduced and tested on a wider scale. The awareness of the dynamic development of innovation processes in the Asia-Pacific region is the main incentive for this publication. The authors of the research papers submitted to the fifth international scientific conference Innovation as a factor in the development of the Asia Pacific region. Economy – industry – company, organised by the Asia Pacific Research Centre of Wrocław University of Economics and held under the patronage of the Polish Ministry of Foreign Affairs and the Polish Ministry of Science and Higher Education pose a number of questions addressing and analysing the sources of innovation in Asian economies and companies operation in the Asia-Pacific region. This monograph is an attempt at analysing the sources of innovative approach in various sectors of Asia-Pacific economies. The first part of this monograph, “International trade as a factor of innovation in Asian economies”, analyses the sources of innovation in assorted segments of the region’s international trade. Part two, “Foreign direct investment as a source of innovation in Asian economies”, examines the relations between various FDI solutions and directions of capital flow and the innovative character of the economy sectors in the region under study. The third part, “Innovativeness of networks in Eastern Asia”, presents networking structures of the companies operating in the Asia-Pacific region, as factors determining innovation and development both on the level of individual companies and whole countries. The last part of the monograph, “Innovativeness of Asian financial markets”, presents a wide selection of studies on pro-innovative institutions of Asian financial markets. As editors of this latest installment of our ongoing series of monographs devoted to studies on the economic processes observed in the Asia-Pacific region, we sincerely hope that this publication will be of great value to those who want to explore and analyse the sources of the innovation of Asia-Pacific economies. We also believe that this monograph will further the understanding of this fascinating and contrasting region of the globe. November 2012 Bogusława Skulska, Anna H. Jankowiak