Przegląd Historyczny, tom XCI, z. 3

TREή ZESZYTU
ROZPRAWY
T. WOLIÑSKA — Rola Sycylii w wojnach wandalskich i gockich Justyniana . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 321
A. PIENI¥DZ—SKRZYPCZAK — Konkubinat i pozycja spo³eczna filiorum naturalium w spo³eczeñstwie
longobardzkiej Italii VII i VIII w. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 341
B. OBTU£OWICZ — Konfederacja Targowicka i drugi rozbiór Polski w relacjach dyplomatów
hiszpañskich. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 367
K. ZIELIÑSKI — Funkcjonowanie ¿ydowskich gmin wyznaniowych na LubelszczyŸnie w latach 1900–
–1918 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 381
K. GRONIOWSKI — Seminarium Stefana Kieniewicza. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 405
PRZEGL¥DY BADAÑ
£. NIESIO£OWSKI–SPANÒ — Stan badañ nad histori¹ i religi¹ staro¿ytnej Palestyny . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 435
J. M. PISKORSKI — Z nowszych badañ nad historiografi¹ Europy Œrodkowej i Wschodniej . . . . . . . . . . . 451
RECENZJE
I. MILEWSKI, Pieni¹dz w greckiej literaturze patrystycznej IV wieku. Na przyk³adzie pism kapadockich
Ojców Koœcio³a i Jana Chryzostoma (W. Ceran) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 475
K. CHÁRVATOVÁ, D‰jiny cisterckého ×ádu v ¾echách 1142–1420. 1. svazek. Fundace 12. století
(D. Karczewski) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 478
J. DOBOSZ, Dzia³alnoœæ fundacyjna Kazimierza Sprawiedliwego (W. Mischke) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 480
M. BUBER, Gog i Magog. Kronika chasydzka (J. Tomaszewski) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 482
L. E. GORIZONTOW, Paradoksy impierskoj politiki: poliaki w Rossii i russkije w Polszie (Z. Opacki) . . 484
O. KOFLER, ¯ydowskie dwory. Wspomnienia z Galicji Wschodniej od pocz¹tku XIX wieku do wybuchu
I wojny œwiatowej (J. Tomaszewski). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 488
R. P. ¯URAWSKI VEL GRAJEWSKI, Wielka Brytania w „dyplomacji” ksiêcia Adama Jerzego Czartoryskiego wobec kryzysu wschodniego (1832–1841) (K. Marchlewicz) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 490
Sowietskoje obszczestwo: wozniknowienije, razwitije, istoriczieskij fina³, t. 1: Ot wooru¿onnogo wosstanija
w Pietrogradie do wtoroj swierchdier¿awy mira; t. II: Apogiej i krach stalinizma (I. Potapow) . . . . . . 492
I. T. BEREND, Decades of Crisis: Central and Eastern Europe before World War II (J. ¯arnowski) . . . . 494
PRZEGL¥D HISTORYCZNY, TOM XCI, 2000, ZESZ. 3, ISSN 0033–2186
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SPIS TREŒCI
T. A. KOWALSKI, Mniejszoœci narodowe w si³ach zbrojnych Drugiej Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej (1918–1939)
(J. J. Milewski) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 498
CONTENTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 501
CONTENTS
ARTICLES
T. Woliñska — The role of Sicily in Justinian’s vandalic and gothic wars
Situated in the central part of the Mediterranean, played Sicily the key role in the policy of all powers
interested in extension of their influence over that territory. Particularly important role played the island during
the reign of emperor Justinian I (527–565), when the Byzantine empire attempted to regain the western
provinces from Vandals and Goths.
The island was than ruled by the Ostrogothic kingdom. Byzantines were favored, however, by the fact, that
Sicily was inhabited by a significant number of Greek–speaking population and there were strong pro–Byzantine
feelings. The emperor managed to obtain queen Amalasuntha’s consent to make use of Sicilian ports during the
campain he waged agaist Vandals and the island became a strategic base for the Byzantine military troops in
Africa. Soon after, having been captured almost without a shot by the Belisarius’ army, Sicily played a similar
role in the campaign against Ostrogoths. It was a naval base, gave shelter to the exhausted imperial troops,
provided food and wood for Byzantine garrisons and civilians in Italy. Besides the inhabitants supplied
Byzantines with information of the enemy. Control over Sicily guaranteed control over the conquered territories,
as it provided easy connection with them and enabled direct military intervention in case of mutiny. In the course
of long lasting wars Sicily used to be a subject of numerous Byzantine–Ostrogothic peace negotiations. It also
fell a victim of king Totila’s invasion.
Importance of the island to the Byzantines was reflected in a special status it was granted in the
administrative structure of the empire. Administered by praetor, was not subordinated to pretorian prefect of
Italy, but directly to Constantinople.
A. Pieni¹dz–Skrzypczak — Concubinage and the Social Position Filiorum Naturalium
in Longobard Society during the Seventh and Eighth Centuries
The article discusses the disappearance oflegally admissible tribal forms of concubinage, the intensification
ofthe ban on marriages between relatives, and the loss by illegitimateoffspring of privileges associated with
affiliation to the family ofthe father, including the right to inheritance. In the opinion ofthe author, the examined
issues are connected, on the one hand, with thedissolution of the social structures of the Longobards and, on
the otherhand, with their progressing Christianisation. She also indicatesthe existence of analogous processes
among other Germanic peoples duringthe Early Middle Ages.
B. Obtu³owicz — The Confederation of Targowica and the Second Partition of Poland
in Accountsby Spanish Diplomats
The source base of thisarticle is composed of extant Spanish diplomatic correspondence. Analysingit, the
author found that in 1791–1793 a large part of the information, albeit limited to politics and military issues, was
forwarded to Madridby legacies in Warsaw, Vienna, Berlin, Dresden and St. Petersburg. Great emphasis is
placed on the interest shown at the Spanishcourt for the Polish question; initially, this attitude was produced by
aperspective of the assumption of power in Poland by the Saxon house of Wettin, related to the Spanish
Bourbons, and from 1792 — by concernfor the preservation of a European balance of power after the partition
of Polish lands.
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CONTENTS
K. Zieliñski — The Functioning of Jewish Kahals in the Lublin Region in 1900–1918
Theauthor considers the organisation and activity of Jewish kahals, as well asthe sources of financing and
expenses, indicating extensive changes intheir functioning during the period under examination, associated
withcivilisational transformations within the Jewish community (theemergence of modern political movements)
as well as the disorganisation andimpoverishment of the kahals, caused by the events of the first world war. The
article is based on sources amassed in the State Archive in Lublin.
K. Groniowski — The Seminar of Prof. Stefan Kieniewicz
The article deals with the seminar onnineteenth–century history conducted from 1946 to the 1980s by
Professor Stefan Kieniewicz (1907–1992). Out of a total of 245 persons who attendedthe seminar (not counting
foreign scholarship students), 178 receivedthe title of M. A., and 57 — the Ph. D. degree. The author discusses
the composition of the participants, their further professional careers andscientific accomplishments. Mention
is made of the political context of theevents which took place in the scientific milieu. Contrary tosometimes
expressed opinions, he maintains that Prof. S. Kieniewicz hadcreated a school, which showed preference
for a certain research workshopand made a great contribution especially, albeit not solely, to studies onthe
nineteenth century. On the other hand, stands represented bythe participants of the seminar and the interests
dominating in their laterworks tended to differ.
RESEARCH SURVEY
£. Niesio³owski–Spanò — The State of Research on theHistory and Religion
of Ancient Palestine
Theauthor discusses the development of scientific studies on ancient Jewishhistory, conducted from the
second half of the nineteenth century up tothis day. Upon the basis of literature on the subject he indicates
thatdespite the indubitable progress made by science, theinterpretation of certain question still remains
ambiguous. These problemsare associated primarily with studies on the chronology of the origin ofselect books
of the Old Testament as well as the discrepancy between the Bible and the testimony provided by other sources,
mainlyarchaeological, particularly as regards the capture of Palestine by theIsraelites.
J. M. Piskorski — From Latest Studies on theHistoriography of Central and Eastern Europe
Theauthor stresses the great interest shown by contemporary Germanscience in the course ofhistoriography in Central and Eastern Europe, and discusses the latestpublications issued on this theme. The article
indicates the main trends ofthe interest — traditional (today increasingly weak), dating from thenineteenth
century and concentrating on the German contributionto civilisation in the region in question, and a current
which emergedafter the second world war; critical towards its predecessor, it attachesmore importance to the
cultural and economic accomplishments of East European nations. J. M. Piskorski recalled that the main
trendsin German historiography have scientific counterparts, which appeared undertheir impact in countries of
the titular part of Europe.
REVIEWS
CONTENTS