Praca Oryginalna Original Article

Transkrypt

Praca Oryginalna Original Article
Praca Oryginalna
Zdr Publ 2011;121(3):248-252
Original Article
12
3
4
!
"
#
and boys aged 7-15
Streszczenie
Abstract
! "#
!
$%$
! &
'
$ ()*+ $"
,
.(/
/./ $ #)3# #)###'
45"
'6
7
'8
(*6889%
:8;7
<
=/%=6>.+%.7%
=*%.6>.*%?7'
' '
6@?%?+7 "
'
"
% & %
%
;
$
'
'$ 9 ! % &
"
'"
&%
%
rysowanie oraz korzystanie z komputera jest determinowany
A
"B
A)
A
""
A$
"!
8D
D
;
to the spreading of numerous health disorders in children and
E%
'
DD
and factors which determine them in order to undertake
D
E
99
'
'()*+D
and to evaluate differences concerning their levels between
'
The group under research
.(/'
/./'*)F9
'*)/945
'
65G
7E
998
(*68
89%:8;7
,
=/=6>.+.7
=*.
6>.*?7 D
6@??+7
# D ' D D
% ' ''H
'
'%'
D
'% ' ' E D '
'% school and an average number of hours spent on particular
sedentary behaviours only as far as time devoted to after
'
Time devoted by children and youth to
D
' '
E
D '% '% ' ' '9
I
'
D
9
% 9 D
! % %
"%
%A
D
% % % '%
'
1
EJ9B
%K$9N
:
D
&'
O
888&PKB##%8
3
:
D
89B
R
%<9B
S
V
EK9B
:
D
9B
R
I%J9B
R
8
H
B
2
Copyright © 2011 Uniwersytet Medyczny w Lublinie
B.?**X*.*6/7
INTRODUCTION
; D 9 D
'
9 % % D
9
;
D
D
' D
% ' 'E
'
D
]*^
; D 9 D
9
D
9
D '
sedentary behaviours and the risk of such health disorders
'%
% D
' 9 ].)+^
E 9 *W(W)*WWW '
' (+)*W+ ' 9
]F^ ; '
'
level of sedentary behaviours is perceived as one of the
9 4 %
the pressure of achieving higher intellectual development
as well as a passive way of spending free time frequently
%
'9
increase in the amount of time spent by young people in a
'
'
DG9D
9%
'
D%
99
E9%
this is a group which pays little attention to health education
' ](^ E '
to observe the level of sedentary behaviours in children
% ' ' 9
'
D%
D
AIM
E 9 D D
'
' ()*+ 99
D'
"#$%&#"'(& E
+WF
6.(/'
/./7
attending 1st)Fth years of primary school and 1st-3rd years of
)
8
#
9
D D
%
YG
EG
'
P
;
D'9D
'%
% ' D
% ' %
'% ' ' ' 4D% D
D
D 6 7
Y'
The collected data were analysed statistically with the use
98
(*6889%:8;79E
of the variables distribution with normal distribution
9 S'D)8
D .VW
;
%8Y)
9D
E
'
9
99
D9Z??+
RESULTS
I
' % an average number of hours devoted to particular sedentary
D
'
;
%D9
'
9
99
';
D
P
D '
'
,
% D% '
'%
'
'6E*7
P% '% and time devoted to particular sedentary behaviours was
J
%
D
'
6E.7
E D '
6??+76Y'7
'D%'
and an average number of hours spent eating meals during
;D
9 P
# D '
'9P
6Z???*7[D%
'
D%'
and an average number of hours spent at school per week
D6@??+76E.7
;9'
watching television during a week and the educational level
9 P
\ 9 '
on an average number of hours devoted to this activity were
;
D
'
\
9
YD
99E3
6@??+74D%
'
\9'
changes in the time devoted to watching television occurring
Y'6@??+7
The next variable assessed was average time spent by the
P
99#
D
'
'
'6Z???*7
[D% '
'% D
at school and an average number of hours devoted to using
'6@??+76E.7
;9
9
'
9
\9
Y
youth’s age on the time devoted to studying at home and
D
';
%
'% D D' 9
'#
D
'
6Z???*9
assessment of the relationship between the level at school
'Z??+99
'%D
'
'7
4D%
'
\9'
'
P
E
D
D
'
'
6Z???*7 [D% '
\ 9 ' .+?
B.?**X*.*6/7
the change in the time devoted to drawing occurring with age
6@??+76E.7
J% \ 9 D 9 examined children on the time spent reading books was
'% D
at school and an average number of hours devoted to this
D
B
9+F99
D '% pupils from the 1st form of primary school and the 3rd form
of lower-secondary school devoted the lowest amount of
D
;
'
996Z???*7
D
9
'
\
")$#*+,+
+
-,.---,/+,/,
/012345
E
67>8<
3
p
,
_.(/
H_/./
Meals
=+V>+F.
=..>V++
8
/??>(*W
/?*>(?
?W
Television
**.V>F+
**V.>(/(
?(+
Computer
W+W>(..
**?*>=V*
??/`
8
'
*.FW>FF/
*?W/>F*
???*`
Drawing
/.*>V+*
*=(>/.*
????`
N
'
+.(>VF+
V/F>/((
???W`
Playing in a sitting position
./+>VF=
.VF>/(W
?(+
,
')
?W.>*+W
?=(>*+*
?FF
Total
=/=.>.+.
=*.*>.?W(
?*(
?VV
`8
'
99
")$#6+,+
+
-,.-
/,7
++
+,012345
R
'
J67
p
x 67>8<
,
boys
VF*>*F
V./>*(
/F(>*.
/F+>*+
+?=>.V
..>?F
.=>?W
.?V>*?
V*.>.+
*WF>*?
.WF>*=
.*+>*V
*(+>*?
*+=>*+
*==>**
?./>?/
.F(>*=
?(F>?F
,
'9
x 67>8<
,
H
?W=>?+
**>?V
?(.>?V
?F/>?V
*?*>?F
**>?+
**W>?W
?W.>?F
?V+>?V
*?+>?(
?V+>?/
?VV>?/
?W+>?V
?(W>?+
*.W>?W
*?V>?F
*./>?F
?(*>?V
p
p
p
?(F
x 67>8<
,
H
.(=>*/
/**>*V
F/>/.
+.W>*=
/*W>?W
/*/>?=
.(>*F
.F/>**
./.>*F
.F*>*?
**+>*?
.+*>*(
?F.>?F
*FF>*.
*FV>.*
?/.>?+
?(>*?
?VW>?+
p
x 67>8<
,
H
**F(>.V
**=>*=
**(F>/.
*.?>.?
**?.>*(
*.?(>.W
*?.W>.+
*.?>/V
*.(>/=
**F*>.+
**F+>*=
*.*W>./
*?/=>*W
*?(.>.?
**+.>/?
*?(/>*(
*?=.>.?
*?=V>.*
Drawing
?/.
x 67>8<
,
H
WF+>.V
W.>*V
*.V.>*W
W.V>*+
*?VV>*+
W+.>*F
*.W*>/F
*.(F>/*
*/W>/(
**F=>.F
**(+>*F
**((>.*
*./+>*W
*/.F>..
*+?>/?
*?.F>*(
*FV(>.V
*?+W>*(
Playing in a sitting position
p
?WF
H
.F?>.?
.F*>/.
.F?(>.*
.=FV>*F
.WF/>*.
/*V>*/
//(F>*=
//=+>.=
/V/*>*(
8
'
?VV
`8
'
99
p
?*=
1stB86_+.7
2ndB86_FF7
3rdB86_=+7
VthB86_+W7
+thB86_V(7
FthB86_(F7
1st}886_(F7
2nd}886_F.7
3rd}886_(/7
x 67>8<
,
H
/=(>*.
/(*>**
VWV>./
V(*>*?
VF.>*/
VF(>?W
+.W>*=
V=+>**
F.+>..
+*=>*/
+?F>**
+W>*W
F+>*F
/+=>*?
+(=>./
/+>*/
+?=>*+
/+/>*.
,
.F?>*W
.+/W>.W
.+V*>/*
.=/W>*=
.WV>*?
/..+>*=
///+>*F
/+W>.W
/.(=>./
I
'D
??*`
J67
p
?.W
1stB86_+.7
2ndB86_FF7
3rdB86_=+7
VthB86_+W7
+thB86_V(7
FthB86_(F7
1st}886_(F7
2nd}886_F.7
3rd}886_(/7
x 67>8<
,
H
F(W>*=
((>*W
+(V>.*
(/W>*(
==(>.(
**.(>.W
=*F>/V
*?/V>.=
W/(>/+
*?//>.+
*??*>.?
*?+*>..
**W(>.F
*?.>.?
**W/>./
*VF(>.+
*.=/>.(
*F+W>/V
N
'
p
x 67>8<
?=(
J67
,
H
(+F>*(
=**>*+
****>/(
=/.>*F
((/>*=
=VW>*+
W*V>*V
=V=>*(
=F+>..
*?/*>.+
(=+>*V
(.V>*V
=?/>*.
(V+>*/
=/F>*(
=.V>*/
=+>./
=?*>*.
Using a computer
Time spent at school
?+.
1stB86_+.7
2ndB86_FF7
3rdB86_=+7
VthB86_+W7
+thB86_V(7
FthB86_(F7
1st}886_(F7
2nd}886_F.7
3rd}886_(/7
x 67>8<
B.?**X*.*6/7
.+*
of gender and year on time spent reading was observed
6@??+7
E9
D
'
'
E
D
'
6Z???*7 '
[D%
'
\9'
D
99D
6@??+7
P%
9
spent commuting to and from school by car during a week
E
D
'
99
B
9.F99
school spent the smallest amount of time on their way to
9%
9/V99
primary school and the 2nd form of lower-secondary school
D'[D%
99
'
6@??+7 8
% '
'%D'
number of hours needed for travelling to and from school by
D6@??+76E.7
E9
between the form at school of the examined children and
D D
' ; '
D' 9 spent in sitting positions coming with age was observed
6Z???*7B
9*%./99
school devoted the smallest number of hours to sedentary
D
% D lengthened gradually until it reached its highest level at
9 ) [D% D '
\ 9 '
on the changes in the level of sedentary behaviours which
'6@??+76E/7
")$#8+,+
+
-,.
-
/,7-
+,/-
+++,
J67
*B86_+.7
.B86_FF7
/B86_=+7
VB86_+W7
+B86_V(7
FB86_(F7
*}886_(F7
.}886_F.7
,
6_.(/7
(/=W>=*
=.?F>*++
((/=>(=
=?==>W=
=(*=>*V+
=/*V>+=
=+W*>+.
W/.W>(V
W*?=>(*
x 67>8<
H6_/./7
(V./>=+
(=*V>(*
(=FV>=V
=.F+>(.
=V/+>=?
=V**>F=
=/?>+.
=.=W>VF
=+=V>+(
p
?=F
DISCUSSION
The notion of sedentary behaviours includes all activities
'
]*^E9%
%
'
99
computer and time devoted to eating meals or commuting to
9
999
it is claimed that this type of behaviours competes with
physical activity and its extent is systematically lengthened
D]F%=^
Numerous authors indicate that age and gender are the
9 D 9 D
I ]*^ D ))
students time devoted to doing homework lengthens with
'
D
'
'D
9
E
D
' 9 H
'
'D
'

)S]W^D
of physical activity and selected sedentary behaviours in
)) E advantage of passive forms of spending free time among older
;
99
9/9)
) ' D
6+.W€
99
7
'
6+(V€9DV
D
7E
'
\9
gender on physical activity and on time devoted to activities
9H
'
99
D%
which indicates the lack of a clear connection between the
time devoted to various forms of passive behaviours and the
D9
D
[D%
'
the analysis of changes in the level of sedentary behaviours
in the period of not only lower or upper-secondary school but
9
#
'
time devoted to different forms of passive activities in the
9 ) # D
' '
D' 9 D D
E ' 6* 9 9 7 'D(*
D
%
9)
==
J'
D
'
'
D \ 9 ' ' %
' ' D 4D%
'
\9'
D
'
'[D%
'
increase in primary school and decrease in lower-secondary
D#
'%
'
\
9 ' ' D
E P
children and youth devoted a similar number of hours to this
D
94D%
D
'
'
D
'
'
'
8
'
'
\9
'9
'
E
D '
'
'6**?*>=V*DW+W>(..%
_??/7 ,
% D% D '
'%
'
'#
9
D
'
'
'% D' 9
D
D
'D
There is no doubt that the lack of physical activity exerts
'
D \ indicate the fact that health disorders which until recently
were typical of adults have become more and more common
'
E
%9
%
'
% ' D 9 D
'
]*%.%(%*?^ D (?)=?€ 9
.+.
humans below 20 years of age suffer from pains in a lower
'9
E9
%
% 9 D
' 9 9
]+^
;
''
'9
9
'
time devoted to physical activity and sedentary behaviours
is the need for increasing the level of physical activity and
decreasing the amount of time devoted to the latter form of
' ]**)*/^ # D
9
%9
D
9
E
D
'E
'
D9
%
D
9 D
B
who conduct various forms of physical classes for children
often observe the phenomenon of a child coming straight
9
D
%
'
'G
#
%
'JG%9
'
9
'
D%9
'
9 9
D
9
Y9]W%*.^
Using a computer and watching television took up
'
9 9 P
; 4
]*V^ % 9 '
these media is connected with a number of unfavourable
phenomena such as spending time in a sitting position by
D% '
them has obvious advantages such as facilitating everyday
D
% D
' D
' 9
E9% '
' weekly schedule of a young person should be made in
9
D
I
'
9
of sports and recreational character without being convinced
of the necessity of changes in the time devoted to sedentary
D
CONCLUSIONS
* Time devoted by children and youth to sedentary
D
'
'
. E
D '% '% ' '
a computer is determined by the gender of children and
/ I
' D
9 character with children and youth the type of sedentary
D
B.?**X*.*6/7
REFERENCES
* I H;A ]
5^ ; O
!% I H 67 % "
$
$ '
B N ! I5
#4
<
X.??F+*)F
. &D 4% K 4K% H JI ; '
9 care physicians to prescribe physical activity to sedentary patients to
9
4&
B
'
.??.X((5*F+)(/
/ [ 8}% S
H% H
}[% [ ;R 4 P
%
D
4
.??*X+?5(+F)F.
V S KB% <
I[ &
K;4;*WWWX.=.5*+(W)=*
+ B K% K R% ,
R% S
;% S R%
4R$'
I
.??=XF*6()W75*=/)W
F B N% < K S "
;
I
J
' I
I5 8
4'X.??/
( )I
R%S';%E9R8"
A
%9"
!
‚AE'
KA.??WXV6F+75*W+).?/
= I H% 4 K % '
" B .??. N
!I5IB''
:IX.??.
W 
)S K% 4
KE% K S " '
&3;AB[
'R
.??=X=W6.75.VF)+?
*?N"
K%&}%&I%&N%H"
<&
"
"
S B
% ]
5^ ,$
S% S
!
"H
B5;IJ%IIJX.??+(()=V
**K4%E#%O
!;;A
'
$'
B.??+
B[
'R
.??FX=(5.W
*.I
E%K4I!
" '
&A ## ;A 9
'B[
'R
.??(X==6*75FW)(/
*/I
&%I;%8
S}
$
85 N
I"8I
J
'
E
X.??+*W)..
*V4
HE
'9A
#58"
I'
%3E!)
H'%KH'
67I'
}
5I&X
.??+/W)F/
-9
Dr '$5,86=&=$352:6.,
%I
J
%O!8
I"
K$9N
'X'à8.$6=672/,ē6.,
%$
88$O'$
KB##8
X
dr $1'5=(- 6=&=<*,(à  % I
N
N%
;
I
J
' S
X $*1,(6=.$ .ĉ'5$
 % I
I
J
' 8 H
B
9
Dariusz Czaprowski
O!8I"
K$9N
'
H'//%*?).V/O
F?(/?(((/
)
5
ƒ

Podobne dokumenty