Development of the Students` Equestrian Movement in Warmia Region

Transkrypt

Zbigniew Wójcik*
Center Sports and Recreation in Dobre Miasto, Poland
Andrzej Skrzypczak
Department of Turism, Recreation &Ecology, University of Warmia
and Mazury in Olsztyn, Poland
Development of the Students’ Equestrian
Movement in Warmia Region
Abstract
In 1947, on a former Olsztyn Voivodeship territory, the first state-owned centres of
horse-breeding farms were stablished. That gave rise to the later development of
a horse-riding movement in the district. In the academic surrounding students, with
the help from the Polish Students’ Association (PSA) initiated equestrian recreation. Additionally, its progress was later continued thanks to organising from 1964 in Olsztyn
International Horseback Competitions. Among their founders was dr Stanisław Wadowski- a former cavalryman and a research worker in the University of Agriculture in
Olsztyn. He, himself, was the one who established a horseback section in Kortowo. In
1965, its activity in students’ surrounding resulted in bringing the University Riding Club
(URC) into being. Such similar process was also observed in many different Polish universities. In 1968, thanks to an academic circle from Gdańsk, the first interclub contest took
place. In the following years, URC that patronized the developing rivalry, transformed
these competitions into the Polish University Equestrian Championships. Until 1947,
Olsztyn URC was a leader in that rivalry. The second half of the 70s’ was a beginning of
the club’s crisis as far as its further development was concerned. Such situation led to
suspending in the first half of the 80s’ by the university authorities charter activities of
Kortowo URC.
* Correspondence address: Zbigniew Wójcik, Center Sports and Recreation in Dobre
Miasto, ul. Olsztyńska 14, 11–040 Dobre Miasto, phone + 48 (89) 533 49 14, e-mail:
[email protected].
180 Zbigniew Wójcik, Andrzej Skrzypczak
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Introduction
In 1946, Mazurian District was transformed into Olsztyn Voivodeship
(Dz.U. 1946.28.177). Polish administration together with its first governor,
dr Zygmunt Robl, took many efforts in order to give more dynamism to social
and economic processes. In its aftermath, in 1948, we could observe opening
of four horse-breeding centres in the region (Josse, 1959; Wójcik, Skrzypczak, 2014) where at the same time an equestrian movement was initiated.
However, due to the Second Republic of Poland’s rich tradition that referred
to the former aristocracy and landed gentry, a horsemanship in the post-war
times evolved with great difficulties. Therefore, a small number of experts who
were aware of this issue, primarily taught the riding only working with horses senior stablemen. During national holidays, company street parties were
organized where throughout many contests one could observe horseback
riding displays and shows (Wójcik, 2012). The act of opening the following
horse-breeding farms created an opportunity to establish an intercompany
tournament that had all the features of a horse-riding recreation. At the same
time the future organizational structures of a qualified sport that occured not
until the 50s’s of the last century, were being built. Owing to the horse-breeding centres, the social competitions were preceded by a quadrille, Hungarian
post or an display of the most fine horses.
Since the beginning of the 50s’ the twentieth century, the horse shows
were also performed in cities located the closest to the stud farms. Braniewo,
Bartoszyce and Olsztyn residents very often applauded the companies’ equestrian teams. Olsztyn received such opportunity no sooner than on 15 of June
1952, during a garden party organized on the occasion of the Young Leaders’
Rally – Builders of People’s Poland. The event was run on a “Gwardia” Sports
Association stadium where pioneer breeders presented a number of competitions of a horse riding and agility character. A Hungarian post and plenty of
other contests were then shown. Within the framework of this event, people
could also observe a football match in “Gwardia” Main Directorate Cup between representations from Olsztyn and Lublin. Therefore, until the mid-50s’
of the twentieth century the staff from Olsztyn breeding companies propagated a horse-riding recreation on Olsztyn Voivodeship areas, making the way
towards transforming it into a competitive sport. After the Second World War,
Wanda Simirska (Wąsowska) became the one, resposible for promoting Polish horseback-riding tradition in Olsztyn. She was also a great enthusiast of
horse-breeding farms and a horsemanship. In autumn 1952, she moved from
Development of the Students’ Equestrian Movement in Warmia Region
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‘Służewiec”’ National Horse Race Tracks to Kortowo. Mrs Simirska, due to her
noble birth, mastered riding backgrounds on her father’s property already in
her childhood years. Being fascinated by horses she cultivated horseback riding in an academic surrounding. A few years later, an equestrian recreation
gained a new impulse in its evolution. It was nothing else but a consequence
of delivering by the State Stud Farms in Rzeczna and Lisck horses to the Olsztyn University.
The aim of this study was to determine the facts accompanying the URC
establishment by the Academy of Agriculture in Olsztyn as well as the club’s
role in an exercise-related horse riding. Besides, a hypothesis was formulated
saying that riding competitions organized under the International Federation
patronage, remained in a close connection with the equestrian recreation development and a later on sport in scholastic environment.
This work contains materials that are being gathered in the University
of Warmia and Mazury Archive (master’s dissertations) and in the archives
from the Liski Stud Farm. Many valuable reports, obtained from directed
interviews and examinations, derive from the University of Agriculture and
Technology former scientific workers and the University Riding Club advocates. In order to prepare this study, many various methods and tools from
the following fields of science were used. They are: sociological (talk, interview, opinion poll), historical (direct, indirect, comparable) and pedagogic
ones (document analysis).
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The University Riding Club (URC) appointment
considerations
In the first half of the 50s’ twentieth century, the recreational form of
working with horses was quite a traditional phenomenon in the former
Olsztyn Voivodeship. Owing to the stud farms workers, the horseback riding
movement constantly gained on its popularity what led to its attentiveness
among the academic surroundings. In the decadent period ot that decade,
Polish students initiated trips to the Bieszczady mountains. It was all done
under the slogans of returning to nature as well as a form of their objection to the up to then typical leisure programmes. People there were taught
horseback riding, elementary nursing and veterinary treatments combined
with a life far away from the urban civilization (Urban, 2013). In the 60s’, students’ weekly magazine entitled ‘itd.’ became concerned with this issue. In
May 1963, it presented a conception of ‘holidays in the saddle’ that would
be held in the state stallion studs and horse-breeding farms. Polish Students
Association became a patronage of this advertised undertaking. ‘Holidays in
the saddle’ were for the first time organized in the State-Run Stallion Studs
in: Biały Bór, Braniewo, Łobza and Starogard Gdański. The staff’s essential
care contributed to the further popularization of an equestrian entertainment. This, in turn, was carried forward by the students from the Academy of
Agriculture in Olsztyn. Establishing the first university on Warmia territory
not only led to the agricultural expansion in the region. It soon became clear
that the University of Agriculture also emerged as a basis for the subsequent
equestrian movement. In 1965, the University Riding Club was established
in Olsztyn. Soon after, identical centres were built in Wrocław and Lublin
and the other ones in: Białystok, Gdańsk, Gliwice, Katowice, Kraków, Łódź,
Poznań and Toruń (Urban, 2013). Their spheres of activities were mainly
based on: horseback- riding lessons, ‘holidays in the saddle’ organization, riding camps, horse races, sledging cavalcades. Additionally, they arranged trips
to the sports events in the stud farms and stallion studs and provided the instructors with a supplementary training during the courses in the Polish
Equestrian Federation (PEA). Moreover, the clubs invited distinguished and
prominent trainers, along with the competetive riders, to the meetings with
the academic youth (Urban, 2013). The biggest problem, the newly-created
organisations had to face, was a lack of horses and infrastructure. Only few
had their own saddle-horses. The University Riding Club was then in a good
shape since it was granted horses from the neighbouring stud farms. The first
steeds in Kortowo were: Warnold and Bekas, sent by the breeders from Liski,
Majorka from Rzeczna and Botwin bought from the Polish Equestrian Federation funds (Wójcik, 2010). The URC from Kortowo had an additional benefit.
It was there, where after years of break Official International Equestrian
Competitions (1964) took place. A local party, along with administrative authorities, paid a big attention in the interest of expanding this discipline in
Warmia region. Therefore, as a part of the University Sports Federation, Kortowo could praise itself with a competitive sports section. Doctor Stanisław
Wadowski was its organizer and major Stanisław Heller first coach (Wadowski, Wadowski, 1984).
A horse-riding movement was in a great demand. However, because of
cultivating interwar traditions among the then authorities, it created mixed
feelings since it was treated as a peculiar objection to the so-called ‘socialistic views’. Nonetheless, already in its first year of functioning, the University
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Riding Club from Olsztyn numbered 61 members, including 48 active and 13
supportive ones (Wadowski, Wadowski, 1984). This initiated that a horseback riding recreation was further expanded by the consecutive students.
Among those most effective ones were: Aleksander Szymański, Tadeusz Osiecki and Jan Żmijewski. In the following years the URC ideas were propagated
by: Leszek Gerlaczyński, Adam Jańczyk, Andrzej Wadowski, Alojzy Pieczulis
and many others. Relaxation combined with horseback riding lessons, training camps and a horse tourism integrated the surrounding successfully.
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University Riding Club in a domestic rivalry
Although qualified sports were never the main aim of the URC activities, sports rivalry was very close for the students. Therefore, in 1968
from the inspiration of Gdańsk academic centre, it was decided to organize
the first URC nationwide competitions (Stawiński, 1970). This idea was approved by the Polish Equestrian Federation (PEF). With the involement from
the sports agitators side from Trójmiasto, the first all-breed event was held.
It run from 6th to 8th of September on the territory of the State Stallion Stud in
Starogard Gdański. This stock –raising farm wasn’t a random chosen place for
that tournament. The reason was that the most clubs didn’t posses their own
horses. Therefore, particular representations arrived in Starogard already on
20th of August in order to be able to prepare themselves to this rivalry properly.
The group of contestants consisted of students from Gdańsk (two three-person groups). Teams having only one participant were from: Łódź, Poznań,
Warsaw, Wrocław and Lublin. The two mixed teams came from Gliwice and
Katowice, the second one from: Gliwice, Olsztyn and Toruń. Altogether, there
were 27 horse-riding enthusiasts including two women (Stawiński, 1970).
All of them, by drawing lots, were given company-owned horses to get ready
to the first interclub competition. Kazimierz Górski became their supervisor.
The event programme included: dressage, cross-country on a 4600 meters
distance with 11 steepleches and show jumping. For obvious reason, the level
of these competitions wasn’t high. The title of an Eventing individual winner
went to Poznań URC representative Stefan Keszycki who mounting a horse
Gragon obtained an overall score of 79,0 points. The second place (78,4pts)
was for a horsewoman Krystyna Pawlin from Gdańsk riding on Wiertnik and
the third place won Jerzy Jaremkiewicz from Wrocław URC mounting Korsarz.
The only representative of Olsztyn URC, Alojzy Pieczulis, in a cross-country
combination was placed on a sixth location gaining 8,75 penalty points. On
the other hand, he came the fourth in a show jumping. Due to the failure in
a dressage test, he finished the final classification on a disappointing distant
position. Poznań URC (Ewa Roszkowska, Stefan Kęszycki, Tomasz Kolańczuk)
triumphed over by receiving 153,05 points. The second place (80,80 points)
came in the hands of Wrocław crew (Henryk Geringer, Jerzy Jaremkiewicz,
Czesław Nowak). After taking into consideration the protest from Gliwice
URC, the next, third place fell to the centre from Katowice (Kazimierz Wańdyga, Andrzej Gawron and Strobel) who fished the competitions with the result
of 47,6 points. Jerzy Grabowski from the State- Run Horse Stud Farm in
Kwidzyń performed duties of a referee. The event finished with a general
conclusion to place the horse show as a permanent tournament in the Polish Equestrian Federation’s annual calendar. While observing the contest,
a stock-raising farm director in Starogard and an acknowledged in the past
competitive rider K. Stawiński wrote what follows: ‘Passion and willingness
to practice horseback riding are very crucial among our university students.
Hence, this phenomenon cannot be hindered. Quite the contrary- one has to
arouse and meet them halfway if possible’ (Stawiński, 1970).
The reality turned out slightly different. A year after the first URC championships, the Horse Riding Council of the Polish Students’ Socialist Union
made a decision to organise annual Polish University Equestrian Championships. It was decided that the students from Wrocław would initiate them in
1971. The horse show ran from 14th to 17th of October during class P Eventing on a National Horse Racing Track in Wrocław with a participation of 12
horsemen and 19 horses (Geringer, 1972). Apart from the hosts, the representatives from: Wrocław, Olsztyn, Łódź and Gliwice universities were also
in attendance. The first attempt, i.e. dressage which was performed during
heavy rain, became a decisive one. Warmia and Maury region was represented by the Universiy of Agriculture and Technique students, that is: Andrzej
Wadomski with three mounts (Kariatyda, Baczyna, Bor) and Marcin with
Liryk and Hacjenda. After the first contest, the already mentioned Marcin
Paczyński became a leader in an individual classification. Just after him came
Andrzej Wadowski. However, the falls on a cross-country track (2200m)
threw his chances for a good final result away. Extraordinary abilities and
skills were exhibited by Wrocław resident Jerzy Jaremkiewicz, who riding
Numbria, covered the cross-country distance the fastest. In the last attempt,
i.e. show jumping Andrzej Wadowski, together with the other two contestants (W. Tymiński and A. Gawron), overcame the contesting tracks perfectly.
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This way, the representatives\ of Olsztyn URC became a university Polish
champions (Table 1). His friend, M. Pacyński, with a total number of 121,2
penalty points was placed on the tenth position (Wójcik, 2010).
Table 1. The results of the first edition of the Polish University Equestrian Championships
Place
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
Rider
Andrzej Wadowski
Wojciech Tymiński
Andrzej Gawron
Janusz Tomaszewski
Jerzy Jaremkiewicz
Witold Grodzicki
M. Zalewski
Wacław Próchniewicz
Jan Nowak
Marcin Pacyński
Jan Polak
Source: Geringer (1972)
Horse
Baczyna
Kamerton
Danaos
Haust
Nubia
Busz
Sold
Belpar
Zenit
Hacjenda
Walenrod
URC
Olsztyn
Łódź
Gliwice
Warszawa
Wrocław
Warszawa
Warszawa
Łódź
Gliwice
Olsztyn
Łódź
Points
48.8
54.2
63.8
69.9
72.2
80.8
83.2
104.0
112.0
121.2
285.6
Through systematic training growth, the university tournaments gained
the characteristics of a competitive sport. Wrocław competitions revealed
a big number of staff reserves existent in the academic environment. A postulate was even formed. It stated that the University Riding Club was directly
subordinated to the Polish Equestrian Federation. Such idea was dictated
with regard to widen a horseback riding idea on Polish universities. Meanwhile, a horsemanship, although with no structural changes and a lack of
horses in some URCs, did quite well.
There were 8 teams and 44 horses during The Second Polish University Equestrian Championships that took place in 1972 on the ‘Legia” Military
Sports Club site in Warsaw. Initially, there were supposed to be more crews
(11 teams and 64 horses) but unfortunately in some clubs financial matters
prevailed. Among them were representatives from Lublin and Toruń who
trained on saddle-horses in Gniezno and Białka. Similar problems faced
Wrocław students. Many of those competitive riders devoted almost all their
summer holiday toward a good preparation to this more favoured horse
event. Olsztyn put up the following contestants, along with their university horses: Maria Niewiadomska (Kariatyda), Marcin Paczyński (Hacjenda),
Marian Teleżynski (Waga) and Jacek Goszczyński (Moszcz). The above mentioned championships comprised of 4 class P disciplines.
A down on luck person from the former edition, M. Pacyński (302 pts)
decided the dressage test on his own favour. Show jumping consisted of two
contests. The first one won, fourth after the dressage test, M. Niewiadomska.
After an extra-time decision she succeeded as a leader in another contest (precision). M. Teleżyński placed himself on a third position and J. Goszczyński
was the fifth. All in all, that day turned out to be the most exciting one as far
as rivalry was concerned. The horse race track was perfectly accomplished
by 9 participants. The other 3 received only 3 penalty points each. The final round gathered 31 contestants. M. Niewiadomska was located on a top
of the chart in an individual classification. The last day brought many unexpected surprises. The victory fell to a Poznań representative Stefan Kęszycki.
He received a prize endowed by a well-known Warsaw confectioner, Jerzy
Blikl. Maria Niewiadomska, by gaining 8 points, placed herself on a 13 position. After four days of the rivalry, the committee (Władysław Tomaszewski,
Wiktor Oledzki, Stanisław Grodzki) awarded a Kraków URC representative
Krzysztof Mańkowski (114 pts) with the University Polish Champion of 1972
title. Additionally, he received the main prize from the Minister of Higher
Education and Technique. M. Niewiadomska finished the competitions as
the first vice-champion and M. Pacynski as the second one. The Warsaw event
was closed with a simple team contest participated by four-person groups.
The equestrian arbiters, however, took into account only the three best rides
what was consistent with the rules. Students from Olsztyn were invincible
in this discipline. As it was already expected, they became a team champion
in the Polish University Equestrian Championships. Moreover, they received
the vice-chancellor cup (Wójcik, 2010; Urban, 2013). The University Riding
Club from Poznań became the first vice-champion (340pts) and the third
place was achieved by the Warsaw URC (293pts).
The second tournament with a Polish championship rank was characterized by a substantial rise in its level what was especially visible in
a dressage. All the same, this negated the generally proclaimed hipothesis
stating that making an academic horse-riding a mass-scale occurence would
lower its level. One of the editors from the ‘Koń Polski’ magazine wrote: ‘After
six years’ presence in the University Riding Club, we have generated highly-skilled competitive riders who could enter international academic forum
within a year’s time’ (Putkiewicz, 1974). Right then we could also witness
finishing works connected with building in Kortowo a typical Horse-Riding
Centre equipped with stables, a horse race track and an indoor riding arena where over the years many recreational and indoor tournaments took
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place (ASKL, 1973). The lecturers from the College of Physical Education and
Sport used the newly built sports faculty for didactic social activity (Ciesielska,
1993). The announced, international competitions didn’t take place in 1973.
However, the third edition of the Polish University Equestrian Championship
was arranged by the University Riding Club from Poznań. The event was run
on the Exported Horses Company’s horse race venue in a Warsaw neighbourhood, in an individual and team classification (Bogacz, 1973). Major Jan
Mosakowski was appointed the main horseback referee. Janusz Mosakowski,
together with Andrzej Kobyliński and Jacek Wierzchowiecki were his helpers. There were four class P competitions in the programme of the event that
gathered 35 riders and 44 horses from nine university centres. Among them
one could find University of Agriculture students Marcin Pacyński, Marcin
Wróblewski and Marcin Wadowski. The horse show started with a dressage
where M. Pacyński, riding on a mare Hacjenda, turned out to be out of reach
for the rest of the opponents. M. Zalewski from Łódź URC with Wiglet came as
the second, and the third place went to A. Matławski (Turobit) from Poznań
URC. The contestants who didn’t have their own horses were quite a big astonishment to the horseback referees and gathered audience. They competed
on a fully trained horses from farmers’ breed. The students form Gdańsk URC,
however, came to Poznań with nothing else but ‘good intentions’.The Exported
Horses Company manager took pity on them and lent them his own mounts.
This was an example of a determination and popularity of an equestrian recreation among the youth. Despite their great enthusiasm, they couldn’t count on
top positions though. Nevertheless, the participation, itself, was a particular
ennoblement. The second day of the tournament was a cross-country discipline where M. Urbaniak and Z. Toruń- students from the Szczecin University
Riding Club, turned out to be the best. The third place went to an Olsztyn competitor A. Wadowski. During the last day of the event the second show-jumping
competition was held. It was at the same time an individual final of the championships. The rules were simple, i.e. to faultlessly bestride a 700 meters
distance with 13 obstacles. The horse-race track was made ready by an olimpic competitor Piotr Wawryniuk who placed the obstacles in consideration
of students’ riding skills. Although a dressage master M. Pacyński and the last
edition winner M. Urbaniak played there the leading role, more experienced
Pacyński won the University Polish Champion of 1973 title.
Before the final programme contest, professor Jerzy Zwoliński, a vicechancellor of Poznań University of Agriculture, officially closed the ceremony.
The competitors’ performance finished with a team contest. It consisted of
six groups including a mixed team that had, participating beyond the contest, representatives from Gdańsk and Kraków. The students from Lublin
had to withdrew from the rivalry as a consequence of their horses’ health
problems. Just like a year before, Olsztyn URC team won (290pts) surpassing Szczecin URC (274pts) and the host- Poznań URC (269pts). The students
from Katowice poor disposition came as a surprise to everyone. Paradoxically, possessing at that time their own equestrian centre didn’t help at all. In
conclusion, the organisers stated that the university movement still expanded. Various, non-gratuitous ‘riding schools’ were conducted. All the same,
such form of training went far beyond students’ financial possibilities what
in consequence slowed down the riding progress among the young. Poland had already established seventeen University Riding Clubs and more
than 100 students went on annually organised ‘holidays in the saddle’ (Bogacz, 1973). To make the equestrian environments even more mobilized,
the Council for the Polish Students’ Socialist Equestrian Association introduced four ability ranks: a student, equestrian candidate, horse rider and
a senior horseman. Competitive sport, however, presented itself much worse.
The chances to change the things for the better were saught in oportunities
of running a business activity by the URC. The Ministry of Science and Higher Education regulation gave space for the further academic clubs growth.
It concerned an opportunity of including horse-riding facultative classes to
a Physical Education curriculum in university institutions. The authorities
from the Medical University of Białystok, with the help from the local URC,
became the most efficient ones in this matter. Identical training was held in
Kortowo and was conducted by a Physical Education and Sport Study Centre
lecturer, Leszek Gerlaczyński. He implemented the students from the faculties of Agriculture, Veterinary Medicine and Animal Husbandry with ins and
out of a horseback-riding (Kwiatkowski, 1983). Through such situation, new
equestrian recreation followers in Warmia and Mazury regions increased
in number. Therefore, an assistant-professor from Olsztyn Stanisław Wadowski, together with his son Andrzej- a well known horse-riding promoter,
wrote and published the first academic manual entitled ‘The equestrian
basics for the Academy of Agriculture students’. Additionally, Olsztyn could
boast itself in collecting bronze medals in the VI Polish Youth Olympic Days
in a cross country skiing in Zakopane. Although only Z. Elbertowski, L. Gerlaczyński and M. Jasiecki occupied the dais, the others were concerned with
this discipline as well. Besides, the horse riding technique was improved in
skijoring- a winter sport where a person on skis is pulled by a horse. This
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tradition was especially popular during the times of the Second Polish Republic. Having been brought back to life was a good way of remaining with
horses during winter season. In fact, the URC from Eastern Poland territories
even organized championships in Białystok and Lublin.
The fourth edition of Polish University Equestrian Championships in
1974 was arranged by the Olsztyn university members. The event took place
in a Riding Centre (dressage)- a university sports facility known from the International Equestrian Contests. All of a sudden, the death of S. Wadowski
disturbed the participants and organisers’ enthusiasm. Mr Wadowski was
an ardent horseback riding patron in the region. A good period of luck for
the URC equestrian lovers finished along with his passing. The competitions
were opened by a professor Stefan Tarczyński (Fig. 1). The vice-president of
Polish Equestrian Federation, Wacław Zalewski, was honoured the gathered
ones with his presence (Tomczyński, 1975).
Figure 1. Presentation of the teams taking part
in the Polish University Equestrian Championships in Olsztyn
Source: Tomczyński (1975)
During the horse shows, the University Sports Federation flag was flying at half-mast and all the competitors sank into a one-minute silence. It
was a form of gesture to honour the memory of an excellent scientist, activist
and a club vice-president. Considering Olsztyn representatives’ domination
in the Polish University Equestrian Championships for the first time, since
the change in rules, no first and second sports class participants could
partake in the event (Urban, 2013). It was done intentionally to equalise opportunities to all of the contestants and contribute to even bigger horseback
riding popularization among the academic youth. 37 riders from 8 centres
arrived in Olsztyn, among whose only one, the Warsaw Riding Club team
didn’t exhibit a full lineup. Worth mentioning is a female riders’ attendance. The horseback referees, led by a trainer Stanisław Grodzicki, prepared
the final classification according to the changed rules, i.e. by adding up all
the achieved points from the carried out disciplines. Andrzej Kurowski
(Gdańsk URC) became an individual champion, Czesław Lork (Poznań URC)
enjoyed the first vice-champion position. The second vice-champion place
fell to Tadeusz Szymański (Poznań URC). Olsztyn representative Maciej Wróblewski was on a disappointing fifth rank. Altogether, 28 riders completed
the championships. The club from Olsztyn succeeded for the first time in
a team classification. It gained overall 393 points and consisted of: Marta
Niewiadomska, Maciej Wróbleski, Ryszard Dysarz and Jacek Goszczyński.
The group from Szczecin got the second place as a team (391,5pts) and a first
vice-champion title. The students from Poznań, by contrast, became the second vice-champion (385,5pts). The closing ceremony had a solemn character.
Professor S. Tarczyński, escorted by organisers and campaigners, decorated
the new prizewinners. A professor with a habilitation title Teofil Mazura deputy chancellor from the University of Agriculture and Technology, was
the one who made the official closing of the fifth Polish Equestrian Championships edition (Roszczynalski, Skorupski, 1975). Experts in horse-riding
highlighted big help received from the local stud farms representatives and
further growth in the training level.
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The University Riding Club in an international
rivalry
In 1975, a well developing horsemanship in the university circles was
spotted by the Polish Equestrian Federation, and in February it handed the Polish Students’ Socialist Union Council an invitation to a horse show in a West
Germany cities of Verden and Lutienburg. The University Riding Club, acting
by the Physical Education Institute in Hannower, was its organiser. The three
best teams from the fourth Polish University Equestrian Championships put
up the following competitive riders: Olgierd Kuleszynski (Szczecin URC), Antoni Ciesielski (Poznań URC) and an Olsztyn representative Marcin Pacyński.
A trainer Marek Roszczyński was the team’s guardian. The invitation to
the first internationally ranked event was treated professionally. On the territory of the University of Agriculture and Technology in Kortowo a short
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three-day gathering, that finished on 23 May, took place. The first competitions was held on the Hannower State Stud Sports Facilities in Verden (Urban,
2013). They involved show jumping and two class P combinations, i.e. dressage
and cross-country. Polish URC students performed quite well what resulted in
reaching the fourth position out of all 9 teams. They even defected reputable
Canadian and Dutch teams. Before leaving for another edition of Lutienberg
sports event, the contestants got a few days off to rest and sightsee the region. Then, on 30 May, they launched back to vying. One could find the same
competitions in the show calendar with the exception of a newly introduced
individual dressage. Polish students’ second start was fine enough to gather an
overall 120,34 points and be placed just after the Canadian team in the International University Equestrian Championships in Germany. The prizewinners
collected 126,82 points. The hosts’ third place and 119,88 points turned out to
be a complete surprise to everybody (Wójcik, 2010). The same was with Barbara Wierzbicka’s performance. Namely, she won the dressage test. Her coach
was an olympic competitor from Berlin (1936), lieutenant colonel Michał Gatkowski who settled in America after the war (Urban, 2013).
In November 1975, sports club members from Gdańsk (Izabela Górska), Olsztyn (Witold Grodzki) and Warsaw (Marek Zalewski) participated
in similar competitions in Stockholm. Gdańsk URC female student, riding on
a borrowed horse, managed to succeed. That is, he reached the second place.
All the same she was acknowledged the best foreign rider.
QQ
Summary
The equestrian recreation on Polish universities was initiated by students and it all happened with organisational support and a goodwill from
horse-breeding farms management. They provided the young with a company infrastructure and coaches. Dr Stanisław Wadowski played a leading
role in the university environment in Olsztyn. The Polish Equestrian Championship held in Olsztyn in 1962 were with no doubt an inspiration to
further activities. Polish Equestrian Federation granted the championships
to the promotors from Olsztyn as an award for horseback- riding results and
horse-breeding farms. Therefore, in 1964 Olsztyn returned to organising an
International Official Horse Show, whose ardent propagator was a manager
in the State Stable in Liski Jacek Pacyński. In 1965, he gave first mounts to
the University Riding Clubs. Mr Pacyński, together with S. Wadowski, led to
building in Kortowo a sports facility. It was meant to organize annual international championships and soon became a driving force while promoting horse
riding within the University Riding Clubs. In both clubs, sport and equestrian
recreation activity were of a mass students’ concern. A good example of it
may be seen in the results on an international arena. A horse riding movement in Olsztyn has developed throughout many years. The first signs of
crisis appeared after the death of a Phd doctor with habilitation S. Wadowski
in 1974. Then, the administrative reform of the Polish People’s Republic additionally complicated its progress. Liquidation of a district administration and
creating 49 voivodeships simply required some time to establish appropriate
structures. Changes that were introduced in their early stage caused substantial difficulties while organising sports rivalry in Poland. Its background
lies in arranging new regional sports unions on the voivodeship territories.
These troubles in a substantial matter avoided the dynamic university equestrian movement because the system of rivalry was on this basis coordinated
by the Polish Socialist Students Union in cooperation with Polish Equestrian
Federation. Therefore, the fifth Polish University Equestrian Championships
were organised without many difficulties. These competitions took place
from 25th to 29th of September and the URC members from Łódź were their
designers. However, the next edition of this event showed no spectacular results like it happened before. Jacek Goszczynski, riding on a mount named
Kowacz, and Artur Bober on Hołobla, distinguished themselves from the rest
of the Kortowo crew. Unfortunately, only one Olsztyn representative was
placed in the classified riders’ first ten (fourth place). As far as a team classification was concerned, the university students from Warmia were on a fourth
position. This was the worst so-far result. In the following years, a conflict between the URC members and scientists from the Department of Zootechnics
increased. That in consequence led to the suspension of statutory activities.
QQ References
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Development of the Students` Equestrian Movement in Warmia Region

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