Gamma irradiation effect on polystyrene + SBR blends: morphology

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Gamma irradiation effect on polystyrene
morphology and microhardness
+
SBR blends:
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POLiMERY
2005, s0, nr 9
659
15.0
12.5
E slll1
I U sBR 2
1C.0
?
-sBR3-SBR4
5.0
:
lrjBR5EStsR6
0.0
l0
5
rig 1 Nhcrolti
ncss (itl
o/sBR
Hv
=
Ll
vickts HąllL1tsł 1.'
ut ' %
Fig.4. Polltstv'.rle
tn
nttir
l6
1.1
12
= t0
!
8
Ó
ffiffi ffim
2
0
5j
'70
ó0
s7 ""
15
T'S t t
;" sB:r
lluLadiene,9/o in thc SBla
E:5ols
tr10%s 813%5
Et 59'"r.
alro%r
tr139'"L
ul 5 %\.18 trr01"\1! ll3%i\ri
Fig. 2. I4icrahat-dlress (ik
o|
b tadine h
li e ,MB=n
HV
the sBRs oi
= Vickerc Har!1ncsr) ;is 1nt.
diffetet łluctln es
(s
=
strl, L
a,L
=
ltiblo.k)
5 |lnr (Fig. 3a and 3b) show poor mechanical properties
in miclohaldness, tension and flexion, bui excell€ni jmPact pc#olmance [1]' The lrighest imPact valu€s ale du€
to IeBu]aI distlibution and hońogeneii-v of ih€
bbel
(Fjt
partic1e
3b)' Increases in ń€ Iubber
sizes
Partic]es
ale s€€n lor a high€r content of buladiene (75 9;, sBR-3,
Fig' 3c)' \fe know th€ lesu]i is an incremeni in ihc microharclness but lorver impaci values (Fig.3c).
lS - 1l !'. SIR'5
Iłt' J' Bl.'rd5 cont ilil.g liilenr sBRs
3i
9i
N7
Iis
st r"
5. Blrnds
ts
Lr 1;
sRR,2
ro]ltni'ił8 strr sBłs
consid€I no\\ th. pol-l'siyl€n€
lrlat j: as iiie I€ferenc€
(0
]natclial fo| bl€nds
% SBR, Fjg ł)' Iie moĘhoioB:es
feveal that the rerl]forcińg agents ale disŁrilruted
9i PS + I I ro SllR,4
sr qi
ns
Li
l'o
sLrR-:
h pcly'
POLIMERY 2005, s0, nr
660
9
can a1so conncci non-homo8eneity wiih Łhe ńjclohalcl
ness; high butadiene conients ploduce a high nu b€I of
voids on the surfaces, a]loł.ing deepel indcntation io th€
detrimeni of microha.dness. Finall)', lvhen uslng mulil
block-SBRs (SBR-6), poor honogeneous surfaccs wiih
particles of diameters lcss ihan 15 frm anct a varietv of
structules can be seen (Fig' ó)'
IRRADIATED SPECIMEN BEHAVIOR
Fii
6' BIe d contąhinP\
SBR 6
siylen€
m |tiblo(k sBR
6: 87 %
Ps
+ 13 %
ńatlix and plovide le8u1ar homo8eneiiy' Ii
seems drat linear rnacroshuctrire SBRS a1lo1v deeper in-
A different behavior is obscNed for blends using
Siar-sBRs (sBR-2 and SBR'l), for l'hich incl€asing th€
buiadi€ne content diminisheS the micJohardncss (Fig' 2)'
lve see here rubber particles with ircgular shapes and
iarg€I sizes, 1vjth dark zon€s corlesPondin8 io some
voids (Fig. 5a and 5b)' It is ińPoltani !o ńeniion ihat ihe
sańple sUIfaces priol to 1oading wclc mirror-polishcd'
Consider nolv the sizes of the rubber pariicles (tuom
0'4 to 10 lm) in le1ation to the indentation va]u€s (ITom
36.0 io 43.8 pm). Apparently the voids depths are ap
ploxi at€]y four ti es the rubbelpalticle diameiels' ]Ą/e
50
k.l
F'iP,.7 lrfndinted blel 1s.o li'inhĘ stal sBR
j0
Fit.
8 .
Afier inadiation ffilh dosages betr.r'een 10 kGv and
250 kcy several chantes inblends morphology are seen.
FoI b]€nds coniaining stal SBR_1 wc obselve Particles ol
valious sizc and shap€s depel1dcnŁ on the dosases (Fig'
7). \.Ioreol'cr, diflerent behaviors arc seen ai different
dosag€s: 1) the sulfaces ale homogeneous wjth partiĆlcs
of several sizes rvhen reachnrt 50 kct 2) the matrix begins io disrupt at 150 kcy and, 3) lĄ'e]l defined crazcs
app€al' with sevela1 ń'aciuled Paltic]es, at250 kcy'
The morphologies are different for blcnds us g star
SBR-2 (lig. 8)r in teneral, they are less honoge,leols
blcnds .iih SBR-1 and ihere is more disitlicgra(.jih
iion,
]alge numbcl of Particles of diff€Ieni shapes
T\e pan c I
in, r-d-F un'j l 1'r - . -, i ,
"mel-r.
As blends iiih star SBR-], ihe matrix begins to brcak at
150 kcy, at 250 kcj/ voids of more ihan 100 gm are
than in
For irradiated blcnds containing linear SBR-3, ihe
surfaces .trastically change, because multlple rvell-de-
t50 (cn'
25!
lG\
1
k(;!_
kt1dlrted blends cantaitLi S sttlt SBR-2
150
kC!
250 kc\'
POLIMERY 2005, s0, nI
661
9
i0 kG!
FiS 9.lrnlli!:ttc{l blends calttainiltg linent SBR
j
5rrliCl
Fig 1A hrddiated ble
ds
1t0 k(i\
lia kcv
ca tnin'ing litLeat SBR-+
250 kG\,
iar LCil
Fig.11. hrudiatetl
bletttls t1laini Rlileat SBR-'
50
Fii.12 hadinled
kC)
tt0 kG\
blends co ląi11it18 \11lLltiblock sBR-6
rined crazes rvith difreleni len8ths aPp€al' Such beha_
i.ior is obselv€d since 50 kcy, lvhele ńe clazes fo]]ow a
prefelentia1 \Ą'ay and are 50 rLm wide 1Ą'iih a constani
seParaŁion behveen them (Fj8' 9a). The numbel ofclazes
is incleasin8 l,/hen d1e dose incl€ases io 150 kcy' ihey
sho.,vbranching on one hand and a largc numbcr ofparticles on the oiher (Fig. 9b). Ftua]ll', at 250 kcy poor surfaces are forńed wilh branching Ćrazes an.1 several
vojdS sufound€d
2iO LGv
by Paliicles c1usiers GiS' 9c)'
For linear SBR-4 'ith only 5 9; of difference in butadi€ne contcni rvith lesPect to lineal sBR'3, the blend
morpholoties arc very differeni. lve recall here ihat
blends wiih SBR-4 sholv the highest ińPact va]ues be_
fore and after inadiation [5]. Ai 50 kcy we see homogencous surfaces rvith several particles but no crazes (Fig.
10a)' This sjfuation óanges fol150 kcy (whelethehigh_
est imPact was obiained), because \ĄIell_dcfined claŻcs
are 20 [m 1Ą.jde on the avera8€, and 1\'e se€ a large
nlcbcotP ńd$ lłh lNbI cl3nctń lljlg rob) ln gn|fu'{'jiI'nl]J'l]iłł.dilłllIl
lkcJl Ń J ne lir sBR 3 to
l/fu1iił!.ł.r['irlł]'5 ii.Jr
L' :50 lc' a .onsiddiblc nt'nb.I of daz.s IolLo(łB 'ld'r
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