rozwój rynku elektrycznych silników energooszczędnych
Transkrypt
rozwój rynku elektrycznych silników energooszczędnych
Zeszyty Problemowe – Maszyny Elektryczne Nr 78/2007 1 Krzysztof Brzoza-Brzezina Krajowa Agencja Poszanowania Energii S.A., Warszawa ROZWÓJ RYNKU ELEKTRYCZNYCH SILNIKÓW ENERGOOSZCZĘDNYCH WIDZIANY Z PERSPEKTYWY REALIZACJI PROGRAMU PEMP DEVELOPMENT OF ELECTRIC ENERGY EFFICIENT MOTOR MARKET FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF THE PEMP PROJECT IMPLEMENTATION Abstract: This document describes the market of electric energy efficient motors. Approaches of the USA and of the European Union to the development of energy efficient motors are described and results are compared. Also approach to the energy efficiency in electric motors in Poland, before and after accession to the European Union is characterized. Additionally the Polish Energy Efficient Motor Programme PEMP is presented in this paper. This project is financed by the Global Environment Facility (GEF). It aims to overcome existing barriers to increase the market share of electric energy efficient motors and efficiency improvements in electric motor systems in Poland. Under this programme four components are being implemented: (i) capacity building by providing information and services related to energy efficient electric motors; (ii) implementation of demonstration projects for efficient motor systems; (iii) market transformation, using a financial incentive mechanism; and (iv) development of industrial energy efficiency policy, particularly in the field of efficient motor systems. Market transformation of electric energy efficient motors using a financial incentive mechanism under PEMP project is extensively described and results are analyzed. Michał Pyka, Szymon Liszka FEWE, Katowice POTENCJAŁ OSZCZĘDNOŚCI ENERGII W NAPĘDACH ELEKTRYCZNYCH ORAZ EUROPEJSKIE MECHANIZMY PROMOCJI JEGO WYKORZYSTANIA POTENTIAL FOR ENERGY SAVINGS IN ELECTRIC DRIVE SYSTEMS AND THE EU MECHANISMS TO PROMOTE ITS USE Abstract: The paper presents an approach to estimating energy saving potential in the electric drives used in Poland. The approach presented hereinafter is understood as an invitation to further discussion about this issue. In the second part of the paper two important promoting mechanisms are presented: the PEMP programme and the Motor Challenge Programme with its part addressed to the New Member Countries and Candidate Countries (4EM-MCP). Some recommendations and conclusions related to the implementation of the mentioned programs are presented. The paper contains also a diagram showing the internet tools and websites helpful in approaching the PEMP and MCP programs. 2 Zeszyty Problemowe – Maszyny Elektryczne Nr 78/2007 Andrzej Jedut, Marek Stańczyk Elektrociepłownia Lublin-Wrotków Sp. z o.o., Lublin MODERNIZACJA POMPOWNI WODY SIECIOWEJ W ELEKTROCIEPŁOWNI LUBLIN-WROTKÓW MODERNIZATION OF THE CIRCULATING WATER PUMPING STATION AT THE LUBLIN WROTKOW COMBINED HEAT & POWER PLANT Abstract: The article contains general information about the modernization of the PWS6 pump drive with respect the whole modernization process of the circulating water pumping station at the Lublin-Wrotków CHP Plant. The circulating water pumping station is the biggest system at the plant, with the total installed power demand of 5,8 MW. It includes seven pumps (three pumps type 35W50 and four modernized pumps type 35W50M). The pumps operate in parallel and supply a common collector for the demand of the Lublin District Heating System. Two pumps are controlled by regulation of rotary speed one by means of frequency converter and the next one through a sub-synchronic cascade system. At present, the system is overloaded (in terms of hydraulic) with one or two controlled pumps, or three pumps while one pump has no control. In order to keep the system supply parameters the non-controlled pump must be throttled. Modernized PWS6 pump (new motor and frequency converter) lets replace a non-controlled pump (in case of three pumps operation) or the pump controlled through a cascade system (in case of two pumps operation). As a result, the system will operate without throttling losses. It is estimated that the achieved savings in electricity consumption will reach about 900 MWh per year. It implicates significant financial savings just as environmental effect (reduction of emissions). Janusz Boczek, Ciepłownia Rydułtowy Sp. z o.o. Tomasz Zieliński, Fundacja na rzecz Efektywnego Wykorzystania Energii, Katowice PROJEKT DEMONSTRACYJNY PROGRAMU PEMP „KOMPLEKSOWE WDROŻENIE ENERGOOSZCZĘDNYCH NAPĘDÓW ORAZ AUTOMATYZACJI PRODUKCJI I DYSTRYBUCJI CIEPŁA W CIEPŁOWNI RYDUŁTOWY” – PREZENTACJA UZYSKANYCH EFEKTÓW PEMP DEMONSTRATION PROJECT: “COMBINED ENERGY EFFICIENT MOTORS AND CONTROL SYSTEM FOR HEAT PRODUCTION AND DISTRIBUTION IN THE CIEPLOWNIA RYDULTOWY BOILER HOUSE” – PRESENTATION OF ENERGY, ECOLOGICAL AND FINANCIAL EFECTS Abstract: The paper presents benefits from implementing the project “Combined energy efficient motors and control system for heat production and distribution in the Cieplownia Rydultowy boiler house” within the framework of the PEMP Programme. The Project has been carried in consecutive steps in the years 2002 – 2005. The following tasks have been carried on: assembled frequency converters for the master circulation pump drive and for the exhaust and primary air fans in two traveling grate boilers, installation of control system for coal combustion, replacement of old pumps with pumps equipped with energy efficient motors in heat exchangers, an assembled telemetric system control in several heat exchangers and weather compensation with automatic control in 23 heat exchangers. The article presents the project financial indicators and the energy ecological effects that have been obtained as a result of reduction of electricity and fuel consumption. Zeszyty Problemowe – Maszyny Elektryczne Nr 78/2007 3 Katarzyna Siejka, Politechnika Opolska, WiK Opole Sp. z o.o., Opole Mariusz Tańczuk, Politechnika Opolska, Opole ANALIZA EFEKTYWNOŚCI TECHNICZNEJ I OPŁACALNOŚCI AGREGATÓW DO SKOJARZONEGO WYTWARZANIA CIEPŁA I PRĄDU Z BIOGAZU W OCZYSZCZALNI ŚCIEKÓW W OPOLU TECHNICAL AND ECONOMIC ANALYSIS OF THE CHP UNITS FUELLED BY DIGESTION GAS FROM OPOLE SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT Abstract: Technical and economical analysis of co-generation system based on the cogeneration plant in sewage treatment plant and experiences of operating the unit is presented in the paper. The cogeneration system consists of two IC engines driving generators and system of heat exchangers. The engines are supplied with sewage gas (biogas) that is produced in the process of sludge treatment. The CHP system cooperates with existing water boilers The main technical parameters: efficiency, fuel consumption, lubrication oil consumption have been derived basing on the exploitation data collected by means of meter circuit installed and daily operating reports. The basic economical indexes have been calculated including financial savings due to avoided purchase of electricity from the grid. There was found the following economical indexes: NPV, IRR, SPB and DPB. In the calculations it was accounted that since the year of 2007 there will be some additional incomes from trading in Green Certificates of produced electricity. The influence of trading in such certificates on the results of economical analysis was found. Wiesław Krupnik, ZWiUK EKOWOD Sp. z o.o., Namysłów Tomasz Zieliński, Fundacja na rzecz Efektywnego Wykorzystania Energii, Katowice PROJEKT DEMONSTRACYJNY PROGRAMU PEMP W ZWIUK EKOWOD W NAMYSŁOWIE „MODERNIZACJA NAPĘDÓW ELEKTRYCZNYCH W UKŁADZIE DOZOWANIA I NAPOWIETRZANIA ŚCIEKÓW W OCZYSZCZALNI ŚCIEKÓW ZAKŁADU WODOCIĄGÓW I USŁUG KOMUNALNYCH EKOWOD SP. Z O.O. W NAMYSŁOWIE” – PREZENTACJA PROJEKTU I PIERWSZE EFEKTY PEMP DEMONSTRATION PROJECT: “ELECTRIC DRIVES MODERNIZATION IN SEWAGE PUMPING AND AERATION SYSTEM ON EKOWOD LTD. SEWAGE TREATMENTPLANT IN NAMYSŁÓW” – SCOPE OF PROJECT AND PRESENTATION FIRST ENERGY EFECTS Abstract: The paper presents the project “Electric drives modernization in sewage pumping and aeration system of the EKOWOD Ltd. Sewage Treatment Plant in Namyslow” within the framework of the PEMP Programme. The Project has been carried in the years 2006 – 2007 in cooperation with the Polish Foundation for Energy Efficiency. The following tasks have been carried on: installing assembled frequency converters for the sewage pump drive and for the Roots blower, replacing of three standard motors for blowers with energy efficient motors (two motors 30 kW and two-speed motors 95/115 kW), installing of control and visualization system for sewage purification process. The article presents the scope of project and the first energy effects that have been obtained as a result of reduction of electricity consumption. Zeszyty Problemowe – Maszyny Elektryczne Nr 78/2007 4 Jakub Bernatt, Arkadiusz Dąbrowski BOBRME Komel, Katowice RACJONALNE GOSPODAROWANIE ENERGIĄ W CZASIE DOBY – SPOSÓB NA OGRANICZENIE KOSZTÓW THE SCHEDULED USAGE OF ENERGY CONSUMPTION – THE WAY TO REDUCE ELECTRICITY COSTS Abstract: The paper presents benefits from conscious management of electricity consumption in manufacturing plant. The undertaken activities to reduce the cost of consumed electricity are shown. The work was done in Manufacturing Plant of Research and Development Centre of Electrical Machines Komel in Sosnowiec, Poland. Due to implementation of scheduled usage of large energy consuming receivers (furnaces, heaters and dryers) the change of the tariff on which the energy from the supplying company is bought was changed. The change of tariff and scheduled usage of large energy consumers enabled to reduce the cost of electricity of 20%. The savings were reached without reducing the energy consumption and almost without any capital investments. The next step should be replacing the energy consumers by energy efficient devices. Wojciech Misiewicz ENERGOM, Świdnica WYBRANE ZAGADNIENIA OPTYMALIZACJI UKŁADÓW POMPOWYCH I ICH REGULACJA ZMIENNOOBROTOWA THE OPTIMIZATION OF THE PUMP SETS WITH THE VARIABLE-SPEED DRIVES Abstract: The paper presents problems connected with water systems in the industry and heating plants. Describes, that the most important are the lowering hydraulic loses and improving the technology of systems. The examples of the correct pumps curves and the possibilities of changing of them are presented. Also the energetistic consequences of the applying the variable-speed drives as a drives for centrifugal pumps are introduced. The article presents how the variable-speed drives cause the lowering efficiency of the pumps set and in the final effect the lowering total efficiency of the systems, specially when the surplus of the pumps head is to high. The all important parameters and conditions connected with correct project process are describes. Adam Pozowski, SIEMENS Katowice Andrzej Misiewicz, ENERGOM Świdnica TECHNICZNE I EKONOMICZNE EFEKTY ZASTOSOWANIA NOWOCZESNYCH UKŁADÓW REGULACJI PRĘDKOŚCI W POMPACH CIEPŁOWNICZYCH THE ECONOMICAL AND TECHNICAL CONSEQUENCES OF APPLYING VARIABLE SPEED DRIVES FOR PUMPS IN THE HEATING PLANTS Abstract: the paper presents the results of applying the variable speed drives as a drives for main pumps in the heating plants and systems. Using only variable-speed drives don't guarantee the good results and efficiency. Zeszyty Problemowe – Maszyny Elektryczne Nr 78/2007 5 Also, very important are the good parameters of the pump and technology of water systems. The paper presents the application of the new drives in the 300 MW heating plants. In the first step the head of pumps had been changed, the next technology systems and in the end the two 900 kW electric power drives were mounted. Also the possibilities for quick reaction and adjustable of pumps were upgraded. The article also presents the details of configuration of variable-speed drives installed in the heating plants. The results of the one year work and economical effects have been described. The financial effects are about a half million PLN per year. J. Hickiewicz, Politechnika Opolska, Opole P. Pluta, Elektrownia Opole J. Węgrzyn, Remak-Rozruch, Opole OCENA CELOWOŚCI WYMIANY STANDARDOWYCH SILNIKÓW NAPĘDÓW POTRZEB WŁASNYCH NA WYSOKOSPRAWNE Z UWZGLĘDNIENIEM WYKORZYSTANIA PRAW DO EMISJI CO2 STANDARD ELECTRICAL MOTORS VERSUS HIGH-EFFICIENCY MODELS. THE VIABILITY EVALUATION WITH RESPECT TO THE CO2 EMISSION ALLOWANCES Abstract: The article analyzes the potential savings in energy consumption due to replacing the standard electrical motors with the high-efficient substitutes. The starting point for this article are the parameters of the existing standard engines supplying the facility of the Opole Power Plant (the coal mill and the mill's fan). Two methods are employed for the calculation of such savings: (1) the “simplified method” assuming the engine’s nominal efficiency and (2) the “precise method” taking into account the load related efficiency. Considered are also the costs of the C02 emission allowances. Additionally outlined are the operational aspects of such replacement and the start-up dynamics. Jarosław Buczek Krajowa Agencja Poszanowania Energii S.A., Warszawa SPOSOBY OBNIŻANIA KOSZTÓW UŻYTKOWANIA PRZEMYSŁOWYCH NAPĘDÓW ELEKTRYCZNYCH INDUSTRIAL ELECTRIC DRIVES BEST PRACTICES – CUTTING DOWN THE COSTS OF CONSUMED ENERGY Abstract: The paper deals with rational energy utilization by industrial electric drives. Featured methods are supported by examples brought into real situations and achieved savings were summarized. Quoted improvements can be easily put into industrial practice. There are the simplest ways described, with moderate savings achieved, as well the comprehensive retrofits, which bring a lot of energy savings. Zeszyty Problemowe – Maszyny Elektryczne Nr 78/2007 6 Emil Król BOBRME Komel, Katowice PORÓWNANIE EFEKTYWNOŚCI ENERGETYCZNEJ SILNIKÓW Z MAGNESAMI TRWAŁYMI I SILNIKÓW INDUKCYJNYCH COMPARISON OF ENERGY EFFICIENCY OF PERMANENT MAGNET SYNCHROMOUS MOTORS AND INDUCTION MOTORS Abstract: The paper details with a comparison of an energy effectiveness of induction motors and permanent magnet synchronous motors. The causes of loss generation in different types of electric motors and possibilities of their reduction are distressed. Losses and energy effectiveness of electric motor are parameters and quantities in which the user is interested directly because these quantities have the huge impact one the technical and economical parameters of motors. In the paper, two water-cooled mining motors with the nominal power of about the 85kW and with identical overall dimensions are described and compared regarding their energy effectiveness. The first these motors is an induction motor with efficiency η = 92.6% and the second one is the interior permanent magnet synchronous motor (IPM) with efficiency η= 95.8%. It can be deduced from the presented calculation results, that by the use of permanent magnet motors the efficiency of drives can be increased significantly. Dariusz Szczęsny, Partner Serwis Sp. z o.o., Kwidzyn Grzegorz Drabik, Siemens Sp. z o.o. SILNIKI WYSOKOSPRAWNE Z KLATKĄ MIEDZIANĄ HIGH EFFICIENCY MOTORS WITH COPPER ROTOR Abstract: In the past years, serial production of motors with die-cast copper cage rotors was started. This paper reviews the advantages of substituting die-cast copper for aluminum in the motor rotor made by SIEMENS. Specially it will discuss changes in the losses - rotor resistance losses, indage and friction losses, as well as stray load losses. As an example, losses for a 11 kW motor are presented. Additionally, performance data of example industrial motors with aluminum and copper cage are presented. Also, changes in both the starting and the breakdown torque are pointed out. In the end, the idea of construction of the 1LE1 motor new series is presented. Jerzy Przybylski, Zbigniew Szulc Politechnika Warszawska, Warszawa DOŚWIADCZENIA Z EKSPLOATACJI NAPĘDÓW POMP DUŻYCH MOCY Z SILNIKAMI ZASILANYMI Z PRZEMIENNIKÓW CZĘSTOTLIWOŚCI ŚREDNIEGO NAPIĘCIA 6kV - EFEKTYWNOŚĆ EKSPLOATACJI NAPĘDÓW REGULOWANYCH DUŻYCH MOCY EXPERIENCES FROM APPLICATIONS BIG POWER POMP ELECTRICAL DRIVES WITH FREQUENCY CONVERTERS 6kV – EFFICIENCY OF APPLICATION CONTROL BIG POWER ELECTRICAL DRIVE Zeszyty Problemowe – Maszyny Elektryczne Nr 78/2007 7 Abstract: The paper presents results of experiences from applications big power electrical drives in Poland. In electrical drive was applying frequency converter to medium voltage – 6kV. Very well project and applying of new frequency converter medium voltage 6kV, motor and pomp drive and keeping the input and output currents and supplying voltage in sinusoidal wave from allow to increase the efficiency of pomp and the efficiency electrical energy of pomp or ventilators drive. The paper describes different main circuits of frequency converters with selecting inputs of converter for decreases of losses and influencing to the supply network. In the paper also describes criteria’s to projects and to applying these electrical drives and economical effects. Henryk Banach Politechnika Lubelska, Lublin METODA DOBORU WARTOŚCI NAPIĘCIA ZASILAJĄCEGO MINIMALIZUJĄCEGO STRATY MOCY W INDUKCYJNYM SILNIKU KLATKOWYM METHOD OF SUPPLY VOLTAGE SELECTION FOR POWER LOSSES MINIMIZATION IN SQUIRREL -CAGE INDUCTION MOTOR Abstract: The minimizing of total losses in a squirrel-cage induction motor can be achieve through voltage control. For every load exist an optimal value of voltage which reduces the losses. This optimal voltage can be determined by using an analytical method, which was worked out by author. The application of this method requires knowledge of core and mechanical losses, magnetization characteristic, resistances and reactances of motor windings. The investigation of proposed method was made for a small motor with rated date: PN =1.1 kW and nN =1415 rev/min. For this motor two steering characteristics Uopt =f(Ts) were prepared; first through laboratory measurements and second using the analytical method. The both characteristics made for five selected frequencies 50,40,30,20,10 Hz are compared in Fig.1. The comparison shows the close agreement of both characteristics. These results proved usefulness of the proposed analytical method for calculation of optimal voltage. Zbigniew Goryca Politechnika Radomska, Radom WYBRANE PRZYKŁADY EFEKTYWNOŚCI ENERGETYCZNEJ MAŁYCH NAPĘDÓW ELEKTRYCZNYCH CHOSEN EXAMPLES OF ELECTRIC EFFICIENCY OF SMALL ELECTRIC DRIVERS Abstract: In this paper, possibilities of energy saving in small electric drivers on examples two common drivers of fan and pump of central heating system have been presented. The new design of drivers employing permanent magnets has been shown. Thanks to new design of motor, it was possible to save up to 40 percent of energy. Obtained calculations show, that investing expenses being born will reimburse after four years. In case of replacement of old drivers by the new one, energy consumption can be diminished by 6MW. Zeszyty Problemowe – Maszyny Elektryczne Nr 78/2007 8 Tomasz Kubera, PKN Orlen, Płock Zbigniew Szulc, Politechnika Warszawska, Warszawa POPRAWA EFEKTYWNOŚCI ENERGETYCZNEJ UKŁADU NAPĘDOWEGO POMPY WODY ZASILAJĄCEJ DUŻEJ MOCY IMPROVING OF ENERGY EFFICIENCY OF DRIVE SYSTEM FOR WATER SUPPLY PUMPS BIG POWER Abstract: In the article are presented based dependances wastes power in power transmission system of water feed pump with fliud flywheel (SH). On the basis this system, were calculated values of waste power in power transmission system of water feed pump with motor of 4 MW horse – power, 6 kV voltage and 3000 obr/min rotational, synchronus speed. As well was made calculations wastes power in power unit wit the same pump with motor controllable by means of frequency converter mean voltage (PCSN). Based on figures registration of wastes power in real power unit showed improvment efficiency energetic which have gained by use PCSN. Marcin Jędryczka, Mirosław Miszewski Pojazdy Szynowe PESA Bydgoszcz S.A. Holding ANALIZA PORÓWNAWCZA ZUŻYCIA ENERGII PRZEZ NAPĘD TRAMWAJOWY PRĄDU STAŁEGO Z ROZRUCHEM REZYSTANCYJNYM I IMPULSOWYM ENERGY CONSUMPTION BY DC TRAMS WITH RHEOSTATIC AND CHOPPER STARTERS IN COMPARISON Abstract: This paper makes a comparison between two types of DC tram drive with series motors in respect of energy consumption. One of them makes use of a typical rheostatic starter and the second one employs a DC chopper that can be also used for fluent setting of the value of the torque developed by the motor. As can be seen, by simple replacement of rheostatic starter with a chopper one, one can achieve decrease in energy consumption by 35% during standardized drives between two selected tram stops. The average saving during standardized rides on the test track is equal 25%. Measurement performed during four-week-test of free rides brings the average saving of energy equal to 20%. With limited financial outlays, it is recommended to replace a rheostatic starter with a chopper one if only the series traction motors on the tram are in good condition. Lech Lipiński Pojazdy Szynowe PESA Bydgoszcz SA Holding PRAKTYCZNE METODY REGULACJI TRAKCYJNYCH SILNIKÓW INDUKCYJNYCH OPTYMALNE POD WZGLĘDEM ENERGETYCZNYM PRACTICAL METHODS OF ENERGY OPTIMAL CONTROL OF TRACTION DRIVES WITH INDUCTIOM MOTORS Zeszyty Problemowe – Maszyny Elektryczne Nr 78/2007 9 Abstract: This paper deals with practical methods of energy optimal control of traction drives with induction motors. In vector-controlled electric traction drives there is a capability of decoupling control of the flux and torque of the traction motor. This makes it possible to control the flux in all regions of the motor speed to achieve traction motor operation at the efficiency as high as possible especially when load is small. It means that the drive controller is using only such points of operation that are characterized by the highest motor efficiency or by the lowest losses in the drive. Firstly, it was presented a block diagram of the scalar-controlled traction drive using constant current and constant slip-frequency control. By applying a proper value of slip-frequency one can achieve motor operation at highest efficiency. Next, block diagrams of traction drives using rotor FOC and DSC with the loss minimizing algorithm are presented. There may be used algorithms based on induction motor loss models or based on search controllers of minimum that are using fuzzy logic. PWM inverter supply of the traction motor and railway operation conditions were taken into consideration. Zygmunt Szymański Politechnika Śląska, Gliwice BADANIA NIEZAWODNOŚCIOWE SILNIKÓW NAPĘDOWYCH MASZYN GÓRNICZYCH RELIABILITY INVESTIGATION OF MINES MACHINE DRIVE MOTORS Abstract: The paper present’s a review of construction solutions an transportation mines machines (chain and belt conveyors) used in undergrounds of coal mines, with particular consideration of drives motors. In the paper defined a basic aims and definitions of reliability investigations, and also presents an mathematical analysis reliability investigations of induction motors. For selected constructions of mine transportations machines performed an analysis of drive system reliability. That analysis were realized on the base of database obtaining with coal mines and electric motors repair factory. Calculated of reliability coefficients may be of base an increase of the times an failure free motor works, and increase of the times an failure free work of different types of mine machines. Results of computer calculations realized for different type of the motors were applied by the manufacturer of electric motor and constructor of mine machines at designing of revision periods. Results of reliability investigations can be applied in eliminations of weak points an drive systems. Włodzimierz Koczara, Zbigniew Szulc Politechnika Warszawska, Warszawa JAKOŚĆ I EFEKTYWNOŚĆ ENERGETYCZNA UKŁADÓW NAPĘDOWYCH DUŻEJ MOCY PRZY ZASILANIU Z REZERWOWYCH ŹRÓDEŁ ENERGII QUALITY AND EFFICIENCY OF HIGH POWER DRIVE SYSTEMS SUPPLIED FROM RESERVE POWER SOURCE Abstract: Paper presents feasibility of the high power generation sets as stand – by power sources in power stations effected by black – out. Using conventional system, in which the starting motor, driving main pump, is supplied directly from the generator, we need enormous installed power in stand – by generation units. However, using power electronic converter, acting as variable frequency source we proposed fully controlled start with full moment without current overload and the generator supply power is equal only 60% of the rated power of the motor pump. Zeszyty Problemowe – Maszyny Elektryczne Nr 78/2007 10 Jan Bamberski ABB Sp. z o.o., Łódź EFEKTYWNOŚĆ SILNIKA ELEKTRYCZNEGO ZASILANEGO Z PRZEMIENNIKA CZĘSTOTLIWOŚCI ELECTRICAL MOTOR EFFICIENCY CONTROLLED BY FREQUENCY CONVERTER Abstract: Some features of drives including electrical motors and frequency converters have wider expansion in many industrial applications. Most important role plays efficiency: financial, harmonics, power factor, reserve of torque on the motor shaft. Dimmensioning of a motor for required machine torque is very known for mechanics and technologists. It is seldom occurs the misunderstanding that converter’s controlled motor has got less torque on the motor shaft and influences on harmonics of supplying line. Than motor requires more advanced construction. Energy saving of drives suggests to expand its in more applications. We are able to more precise dimensioning for each total drive, including installation and environment conditions. The features of the dimensioning tool is presented. Adam Rogalski Politechnika Warszawska, Warszawa WPŁYW PRZEKSZTAŁTNIKA NA MOC ZNAMIONOWĄ TRÓJFAZOWEGO SILNIKA INDUKCYJNEGO POWER CONVERTER INFLUENCE ON THE NOMINAL POWER THREE PHASE INDUCTION MOTOR Abstract: Three-phase induction motor with a squirrel-cage rotor is the most often applied in the industry as the driving motor. This motors was characterize low cost production and high reliability. previously smooth change of the rotational speed was difficult. Nowadays, when power converters are relatively cheap we easily can regulate rotational speed. The power converters change the frequency of supply by Pulse With Modulation (PWM) and generate higher harmonics orders in the motor. The power converter influence on the nominal power of three phase induction motor was presented in this paper. Tested motor was supply by three-phase harmonic network and by three-phase power converter for the same temperature motor housing. During tests was taken the oscillograms currents and voltage, and then was calculate the amplitude of higher harmonic and efficiency. When power converter supply motor, non-sinusoidal voltage generate higher harmonic order in the motor and increased temperature above nominal. The external cooling must by apply for better ventilations of the motor or the nominal power must by reduced. Supply from power converter in comparison to sinusoidal, causes the lowering the efficiency of energy conversion. Zeszyty Problemowe – Maszyny Elektryczne Nr 78/2007 Tadeusz Glinka, BOBRME Komel, Katowice Wiesław Goc, Politechnika Śląska, Gliwice DROBNE ELEKTROWNIE WIATROWE - PRZESŁANKI WPROWADZENIA SMALL WIND POWER PLANTS – GROUNDS FOR INTRODUCTION Abstract: The paper presents legal aspects of introducing renewable energy sources. Next, conditions for constructing wind power plants in Poland are given. Basing on these conditions, design of small wind power plant for individual user is shown (Fig.2). The plant uses low-rotational generators with diameters smaller than those found in standard generators (Fig.3). Fig.1. depicts a small wind power plant, which has been manufactured in part by the co-author of this paper. This kind of plant can be used for individual farms. Aleksander Rozmarynowski, Radosław Maleńki, Arctic Paper Kostrzyn S.A. Jerzy Piszczek, Fundacja na rzecz Efektywnego Wykorzystania Energii, Katowice MODERNIZACJA NAPĘDÓW ELEKTRYCZNYCH MŁYNÓW CELULOZY w ARCTIC PAPER KOSTRZYN S.A. MODERNISATION OF CELLULOSE DEFIBRIZERS ELECTRIC DRIVES IN ARCTIC PAPER KOSTRZYN S.A. PAPER MILL Abstract: The paper include a couple of facts of Kostrzyn Paper Mill history, several definition concerned to papier-mache preparation and description of the existing standing of cellulose disc defibrizers electric drivers, assumptions for modernisation and finally expected project results and achievements. Main project part is replacement of obsolete electric motors by the modern, high efficient ones. It is estimated that about 4% of present electricity consumption could be saved due to project implementation. Jerzy Janota Bzowski EkoFundusz, Warszawa MOŻLIWOŚCI UZYSKANIA W EKOFUNDUSZU DOPŁAT DO PROJEKTÓW MODERNIZACJI NAPĘDÓW ELEKTRYCZNYCH ECOFUND MECHANISM – FINANCIAL SUPPORT FOR THE ELECTRIC DRIVES MODERNIZATION PROJECTS Abstract: The paper describes the procedure applied by the EcoFund Foundation and refers to the terms of obtaining grants for investment projects connected with modernization of electric drives. The EcoFund Mechanism was established in 2005 in cooperation with the Polish Foundation for Energy Efficiency. Within the framework of this mechanism the EcoFund Foundation can donate subsidies for modernization of electric drives including: replacement of standard electric motors with the high efficiency motors, replacement of pumps, fans, compressors etc., installation of control systems. Possible EcoFund financial support may reach up to 30% of the qualified capital cost.