database of multi-variant machining process plan

database of multi-variant machining process plan

DATABASE OF MULTI-VARIANT MACHINING
PROCESS PLAN
Łukasz Gola*
* Institute of Production Engineering and Automation, Cracow University of
Technology, Kraków, 31-864, Polska, E-mail: [email protected]
Abstract
This paper presents database of multi-variant machining process plan. This database is
a part of CAPP (Computer Aided Process Planning) – prototype system, which was built on the
basis of algorithm generating multi-variant process plan. Database was implemented to Microsoft
Access 2010.
Paper type: Research Paper
Published online: 09 July 2014
Vol. 4, No. 3, pp. 201-207
ISSN 2083-4942 (Print)
ISSN 2083-4950 (Online)
© 2014 Poznan University of Technology. All rights reserved.
Keywords: database, multi-variant machining process plan, access
202
Ł. Gola
1. INTRODUCTION
Computer aided process planning systems are built with adaptation three basic
methodical approaches: variant method, semi-generative method, generative
method. Generative method has the most possibilities among remaining methods,
particularly if it depends us on considerable to raise the automation of machining
process plans. Generative method is more difficult in comparison with variant
method, because generative method require to create more formal models which
describes different working and objects on process planning. In Institute
of Production Engineering research have brought to make algorithm generation
machining process plan so far (Samek 1996), (Duda, 2000). The main feature
of this algorithm is based on possibility choice by technologist partial solutions
from admissible set on given stage.
But progress enabling realization of concurrent product development is defined
requirements for computer aided process planning systems:
• The ability to projection machining process plans for wide set of typical
parts of machines, the elements of component products,
• The ability to projection machining process plans with regard the fit manufacturing capabilities,
• The ability to generation of variants machining process plans with different
degree of circumstantiality.
Above mentioned features were reached building generative skeletal system
CAPP, which it be characterizes:
• The possibility of record, modification and manufacturing knowledge,
• The possibility of record technological profiles of manufacturing system
oriented on profile realized in enterprise of productive processes,
the possibility generation admissible solutions which are realized on manufacturing stations.
2. ALGORITHM OF GENERATION MULTI-VARIANT
PROCESS PLAN
The effect of previous work carried out in Institute of Production Engineering
was to develop algorithm of generation multi-variant process plan (Gola, 2012).
Based on the basic structure of the process plan PT (1), defined places where we
can create variants of process plan (Duda, 2008), (Gola 2012). The process plan PT
has a hierarchical structure. Generally process plan consist from operations, fixturings, positions and cuts but must be preserve principle: one operations is set of
more fixturings, positons and cuts, one fixturing is set of more positions and cuts
and one positon is set of more cuts.
Database of multi-variant machining process plan
PT = [OP-operation [US-set-up [PZ-position [ZB-cut]]]]
203
(1)
Places (where we can create variants of process plan) were the basis for the development algorithm of generation multi-variant process plan (Fig 1).
START
Chracteristic of semi-finished part and
intermediate states
Specify a list of transformation
technological features, the set of
intermediate states ListPTTR
Creation object PT
Creation object VS
Operation from
BDWPT ?
Yes
CAD
system
Database
Databaseof
ofworkpices
workpices
No
Creation object OP
Creation object VOP
Operating
procedures
Generating operation
Generating set-up
Possible choice of machine and
equipment tools?
No
Yes
Generating positions
Database of technological
capability manufacturing
system oriented for
machines kinematics
Generating cuts
TAK
next set-up ?
NIE
ListTrOp_1
First variant of
operation VOP
Yes
No
Database of multi-variant
process plans (BDWPT)
ListTrOp_2
VOP
compatible
Yes
On ListTrOp2 the
same transformations
for ListTrOp_1?
next variant
operation ?
No
Yes
No
Download operation
procedure
next operation ?
Yes
No
next structure
variant ?
Yes
No
END
Multi-variant process plan
Fig. 1 Algorithm of generation multi-variant process plan
VOP
incompatible
Ł. Gola
204
The algorithm is carried out at different levels, including: generating operations,
generating set-ups, generating positions, generating cuts. The algorithm can generate acceptable variants (possibilities of movement of individual machine components). Calculation procedures on this algorithm are based on a simple kinematics
task and reverse kinematics task. Necessary data to generate acceptable variants
are stored on Database of technological capability manufacturing system oriented
for machines kinematics.
3. DATABASE OF MULTI-VARIANT MACHINING
PROCESS PLAN
Generated machining process plan is saved to database of multi-variant
machining process plan (BDWPT). Need to write multi-variat structures of
machining process plan and possibility to use such a database by PPC (Production
Palning Control), resulted in the design and construction of such a database from
the base. The high level of integration in such complex systems, which are for
example CAPP systems, achieved by using a common data model PPR (Product,
Process, Resourses).
Fig. 2 BDWPT – conceptual model
Database of multi-variant machining process plan
Product
Process – multi-variant structure
Process
PK
Parts
VariantsStructure
IdPro
PK
Name
FK1 IdPart
IdVarStru
PK
Operations
PK
Name
FK1 IdPro
QuantityOP
PK
IdVarPro
PK
IdSet
FK1 IdSet
FK2 IdCMPT
Name
Subject
FK2 IdVarOp
Id
ParametrsPositions
IdParPos
PK
IdPos
PK
Feature
PK
Name
FK1 IdAct
IdResPos
FK1 IdPos
FK2 IdCMPT
Actions
IdFeat
Id
IdTran
Sequence
SP
FK1 IdPos
ResourcesPositions
Name
FK1 IdSet
Name
Drawing
QuanAssem
QuanParts
OptTr
PK
Positions
Parametry
FK1 IdPos
ResourcesActions
IdAct
PK
Name
Subject
TimeAct
CostAct
FK1 IdPos
IdResAct
Transformations
FK1 IdAct
FK2 IdCMPT
PK
IdTran
FK1 IdAct
ATR
ParametrsFeature
PK
Name
Drawing
FK1 IdProd
PK IdProd
IdResSet
FK1 IdVarPro
FK2 IdVarOp
PK
IdAssemProd
Products
VarPro_VarOp
PK
IdVarOp
ResourcesSetups
Setups
PK
PK
Name
Drawing
FK1 IdProd
FK2 IdAssemProd
Name
Machinetool
Time
Cost
FK1 IdOp
FK1 IdVarStru
Time
Cost
AssemblyProducts
IdPart
PK
VariantsOperations
IdOp
Name
Subject
FK1 IdVarStru
VariantsProcess
PK
205
PK
IdParFeat
BTR
IdATR
PK
ATR1
ATR2
ATR3
ATR4
FK1 IdTran
L
D
IT
Ra
FK1 IdFeat
CTR
IdBTR
PK
BTR1
BTR2
BTR3
BTR4
BTR5
FK1 IdATR
IdCTR
ap
f
vc
n
i
FK1 IdBTR
System resources
Component
PK IdCMPT
Poziom I
Name
Tool
PK,FK1 IdCMPT
IUWF
PK,FK1 IdCMPT
PK,FK1 IdCMPT
Name
Type
Socket
Spindle
PK,FK1 IdCMPT
...parameters
Tailstock
PK,FK1 IdCMPT
...parameters
IUTF
ToolAssembly
PK,FK1 IdCMPT
PK,FK1 IdCMPT
Fixture
Name
Type
Conector
Table
PK,FK1 IdCMPT
...parameters
JawChuck
PK,FK1 IdCMPT
...parameters
Name
Type
Seat
Sno
DeadCentre
LiveCentre
PK,FK1 IdCMPT
PK,FK1 IdCMPT
...parameters
Name
Seat
...parameters
ToolPost
PK,FK1 IdCMPT
...parameters
FK2
FK3
ToolHead
PK,FK1 IdCMPT
...parameters
ToolHolde
PK,FK1 IdCMPT
...parameters
Holder
PK IdHolder
Name
...parameters
Name
Type
Kind
Shank
Tg
Material
Nofinserts
IdInsert
IdHolder
Poziom II
Insert
PK IdInsert
Poziom III
Name
...parameters
Fig. 3 BDWPTO - logical model
This model enables data exchange between modules used in the design process.
Therefore, the database is divided into three parts (areas):
• Process – multi-variant structure,
• System resources,
• Product.
To stored informations about the machining process plan, it is necessary to replicate the structure process. This information is stored in the part Proces-multivariant strucure. There are stored informations about the machining process,
Ł. Gola
206
the structure of the process variant, variant operations, operations, set-ups, positions, cuts, transformations, technological features,.... On the part System resources
stored informations about resources system (machines, tools, ...). On the part Product stored informations about products for which the manufacturing process is designed. The following diagram shows the logical data model of BDWPT (Fig 3).
3.1. Implementation
The database has been implemented to MS Access 2010 (Fig. ) In order to
validate the designed and built database, stored in it multi-variant machining
process plan of machine shaft (18 variants).
Fig. 4 BDWPT - example of the multi-variant machining process plan
This was followed by a test database search. Formulated for this purpose severa
SQL queries. Below is a sample query and the result has been attained:
Question 1
Show the process variants VPT that time TP is less than 200 [min]
SELECT VariantsProcess.[IdVarPro], VariantsProcess.[Time]
FROM VariantsProcess
WHERE (((VariantsProcess.[Time])<"200"));
Answer:
12 from 18 variants of the process match the selected criteria
Database of multi-variant machining process plan
207
3. CONCLUSION
Presented in the article database allows to record information about the multivariant machining process plan. Clearly designed form of database, cause easy and
intuitive data entry. This database is an essential element of CAPP which generates
multi-variant process plan. Generated variants of process plan next can be used in
the construction of production schedules.
REFERENCES
Duda J., Habel J. & Gola Ł, (2008), Koncepcja generowania wielowariantowych procesów
technologicznych obróbki, New ways in manufacturing engineering´2008, Prešov,
Slovak Republic, pp. 19–21.
Duda J., (2000), Opracowanie założeń systemu projektującego procesy technologiczne
próbki w warunkach inżynierii równoczesnej z wykorzystaniem sztucznej inteligencji, Projekt badawczy nr 7T07D02812 finansowany przez KBN.
Gola Ł., (2012), Wielowariantowe generowanie struktur procesów technologicznych
obróbki w systemach CAPP, Praca doktorska, Kraków.
Samek A., (1996), Zasady budowy systemu projektowania i doboru oprzyrządowania
przedmiotowego z wykorzystaniem metod hybrydowych, Projekt Badawczy
PB-657/T07/95/08 praca wyk. kier. prof. dr hab. inż. A.Samka. ITMiAP Politechnika Krakowska, Kraków.
BIOGRAPHICAL NOTES
Łukasz Gola is currently a researcher and teacher on Institute of Production
Engineering and Automation at the Cracow University of Technology. Her
research interests include machining process plans, assembly process plans, CAPP
systems, production scheduling and process optimization, methods of working time
measuring and standardization of work time.
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Ł. Gola