ANARCHIZM JEST SWIETNY

Transkrypt

ANARCHIZM JEST SWIETNY
ANARCHIZM JEST SWIETNY
“Wolnosc bez socjalizmu jest przywilejem i
niesprawiedliwoscia
Socjalizm bez wolnosci jest tyrani! i
okrucie"stwem”
M. Bakunin
www.wsm.ie
Eric Drooker
WYBRANE FRAGMENTY z WSM
Workers Solidarity Movement zosta! za!o"ony w Dublinie w 1984 roku, poprzedzony dyskusj# kilku lokalnych grup anarchistycznych o potrzebie tworzenia
ogólnokrajowej organizacji anarchistycznej. W okresie wzrastaj#cego bezrobocia i nierownosci wydawa!o si$ "e ka"dy powód przemawia! za anarchizmem i
rewolucyjn# zmian# w spo!ecze%stwie irlandzkim. To si$ nie zmienilo.
Jak wi$kszo&' socjalistów podzielamy fundamentalne za!o"enie ze podstawowym
problemem jest kapitalizm Wierzymy "e system ten musi si$ zako%czy' , dobra
spo!eczne powinny by' udzia!em wszystkich a ich (ród!a powinny s!u"y' ca!ej
ludzko&ci a nie tylko tym ktorzy stanowi# zach!anna mniejszosc. Ale co rownie
wa"ne, widzimy walk$ przeciw kapitalizmowi jako walk$ o nasza wolno&'. Twierdzimy "e socjalizm i wolno&' musza wyst$powa' razem, jedno nie powinno
istnie' bez drugiego.
Jak rosyjski anarchista Michal Bakunin powiedzia! „ Socjalizm bez wolnosci jest
tyrani# i okrucie%stwem”
Anarchizm zawsze walczy! o wolno&' jednostki. Ale równie" o demokracje. Walczymy o demokratyzacje miejsc pracy i przejecie kontroli nad produkcja przez
robotników. S#dzimy "e jest to jedyna alternatywa dla kapitalizmu jako systemu opartego na hierarchii i ucisku, prowadz#cego do wyczerpania zasobów
swiatowych.
Dla tych ktorzy zetkn$li si$ z komunizmem sowieckim i komunizmem pa%stw
Bloku Wschodniego, anarcho-komunizm wydaje si$ by' poj$ciem sprzecznym.
Jednak"e komunizm porostu znaczy bezpa%stwowe i bezklasowe spoleczenstwo,
oparte na wolnych stowarzyszeniach i przej$ciu kontroli nad produkcja. Z tej perspektywy anarchizm i komunizm s# wzajemnie potrzebne, ten ostatni do tworzenia
i sprawiedliwej dystrybucji zasobow spolecznych, a anarchizm to zapewnienia "e
na tym etapie nie powstanie nowa klasa rz#dz#cych. Do dok!adniejszego omówienia problemu odsy!amy do http://struggle.ws/wsm/rbr/extra/communism.html .
Uwa"amy "e anarchistyczna organizacja mo"e odgrywa' wa"na role w rozwoju
rewolucyjnych tendencji w&ród klasy pracujacej. Uczestniczymy w tym procesie
poprzez publikowanie i dystrybucje biuletynu Workers Solidarity i magazynu o
uj$ciu bardziej teoretycznym Red and Black Revolution.
W praktyce zaanga"owanie w kolektywna walk$ mo"e wyra"a' si$ poprzez o
stosowanie gdziekolwiek jest to mo"liwe anarchistycznych strategii takich jak
bezpo&rednia demokracja, akcje solidarno&ciowe czy akcje bezposrednie.
Nast$puj#ce fragmenty pochodz# z naszych publikacji i pokazuj# czym dla nas
jest anarchizm jednocze&nie zach$caj#c polskoj$zyczne osoby do zaanga"owania
si$ w nasze idee i przy!#czenie si$ do nas.
Je&li chcesz si$ dowiedzie' wi$cej o WSM sprawd( www.wsm.ie, albo napisz
WSM, PO Box 1528, Dublin 8, Ireland , email us at [email protected].
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