- latest initiatives

Wbdrw Univereity orTc.hnolosy
Maidials ReryĆling ceŃo o' Ex.ellcnc!
lnsńfute of MabriaLs sĆien.e an.t APplied
wybżcżc wyspENkĘo Ż7, PL 50
e.nail kozlo$*i@nvpwwocpl
Poly(ethyl€ne
-
Me.haniś
teIePhthalate) recyclin8 in centlal EuloPean countries
latest initiatives
sunnaly sifuatiÓn .n the pla*iG m kPt in wesErń ElroPean (1\|E) 'ńd
ccnbal Eu'oPe1n colntjes (c[c) LvaŚ ĆÓmpatd, with Parhculal .on9dc!ation ol Poland łs a county rnd polycthylcn. tclcPhihil e (PET) m a plasijc'
ol8aniz ion of Plaśi.waśculilization in cEc wis,lis.used' ksues of Pla}
tiśl€.ycling in Poland werc Plcscnicd, ondudin8 ih tho PET F.ydhg
t.hnolÓgy in Poland is sufiiĆi€ntly develoPed and .apa.ily of .xńtińg Planh
waścrc.omry syścń js ncreśŹry
Kcy words| PoLy(cthylcnc icleFhihalde), vaśe, rc.yclin8, cental EuroPe'
Plofurion ol
'hc
eńvirońńenr j5 ońe of rhc ma]or
warcrand soil is sscnriaL toilrc,luahiy of l,f odarbut
aGo Enucn.c Ictfirc of iuto.c scn
casoc chcalthproblcmsand dcmindslorthcirrcfin..
ł' T
Cenral Errop6nCounbies (CEC)
W.s.rn EumPe oVE) bous. eÓlogy lvas negle.fud in
funhł EonomiĆ prcgreŚ lr,
.ics ove! the ysśThcrefolc,
slstańabl. dcvcloPńcnt
nowidiys the only viablcso.ialandc.ononicmodcl
one or ib elehenh is ihe apprmch to ware nana8e
meni' Ii involvs thP€ conPlen.ntłry ślłi$ies
elinil'atińg wa*r at sourĆ. by ihpnviĘ PrrdJĆt
is
.ncou!'8ing thc rs'clina ańd re lse of M$o
Po]luhon.auscd by \!aśc in.inmahol
'Ihc drate8i€s .omern bjllions ton
and po*{oBunł wa e' of whiĆl' p]a*iĆ lvaśe .on*i
iutcs juśł snłl] po ion' Howevd, i6 managlment k
not o1nłginal ińPońań@ he.alsĆ .f the hig} vofuńe,
whiĆh Plóstic wane o(lPis iń l
ieliśic o{ plashc thł ń'jolity of ihcrmophsj.s p'o.
duccd annua]ly furn into rcścin thc sanc yc Thisis
.iuscd by wid.ly ł.rcPtcd apPlication oI Pla*ic fol
intoartÓ!nran additional20'' of non.Pr.kagnrg w tc
whi.h bas lo bc młn.g€d efery ye
Mrof Wash PIJś|G produ.ed annuilly on glob.l sal.'
Such amount oI dre pero.hehicar indusry prodkb
nay b. ciiher la nd Iilled, deatinE ań artlnllatinge.o
logi.łl Prob]rń o! !e.y.lcd'
Plani.s Prod!Ćtion iń cEc is e
amounr of 25 Mr, hall ol whrch is ploducd ir Poland
(ri8.l). Stady prcgre$ is obspred in ihc prcduchon
add pro.csirlS oi pla*id thk branch k doi$ well
even duń.g lhe re.enl re4sion p€riod. on. has to €xp.ct cvcn lashr pro8reŚ, b€iĘ a.
EĘhon with lhe EurrPean cÓńnunity
_ !cdu.n8
Fź 1 }k]it\ |lod!
)an lkl\
n| ))r
cEI- l l Żnnn t1l
Fi! 2.PlrdnsP dndin a991-2aa1) łl Prknd
13]
Dynanri.s of plaśi.Produdion in Po]and has been
Fi8 2' ]ndease ol ] 70 łi his b.al tPoited
within IiFt 5 yea!5 of the le.ent deo
annlal lelels rhqcarte. S,Bn ic t
f.s rE H D, Ir ri) and po ly(cihy lcnc rcrcphrhal.ic) (PET )
caddiijonil]yimPo .d Thus,ioial plaśics.o$Umphor fy.rpro in Poland is dtrrenirv 15 kg, comp ed
wfth 9r.s kg inwE Pla*ic.on mption lev.k.omFa
rablewith those h WE (30 kB) aiE E
ptesented ij'
(
rk'4
Knrd o|
plrłn' e d
diDn łkt) i,
cLc
i12001 I3l
minetl wł.r solt drinks and ookiĘ ojl. Evln
higherprodu.hondem dshouldbeeveded irpanl
lel with nclv pmduch ofierud h PET botlĆs' jł* and
tubes (becI, huit jui€' hon€' sPi..s ł.') ls lJl
a8ing
cuncniltmai PETPedu.c6inc
thcczc.h RePublj.and Poland lELinJ5^,ToIuń) PET
Plodudion iń Polind is 45 kt, whcreas .oNunption
amouh tÓ 0 kl. onc cxPcds a IL
consumPlion in Poland Pa i.Ularly fol bÓtles' whi(h
ĘllEds a gcncrłl tgnd obseNed all Óv.r [!r.Fc l5 r3]
PET bonlcs Produdion has indEaŚed resularly in WE
over thc l'* ó y€aF (łom ]000 kl
(fton 39 kr iń ]
lhat tolal IIET plodu.tion jn wE
2003) and in Po]and
It E
.xP€cted
c.nbil EuoPe
w]]1
rci.h
lollows th. EuloFcan connun,ry
{Ec) in wmtehanżEeńent, b(ausc solution ofc.ologi
Ćal problehs js an cxamPlc of i suc.6s
thc Ec'
w*r.leovcry.nd F.yding has b.en well oĘanjzed
ańd veńt].d withil re€nt ]0 yeaE inwI frÓper legis
śoly
Fl! 3' P|r![s Pn tngi!3 łfidńkn
] _
3 P.T }JłŁs, 4 v.łs, 5
'a{s,
hon in Poland (Fis. 3)
w
'łł'ł'lii'J
f pla{i.s prcduc
h a 6.5 r! annual Srowrh rate.
Produ.rion or plastic bodcs has the hiShe* dynami.s,
inacmn]8 ałaPaĆe of $1. in ]99] r
to 20 /. for
otl'el PlałiG Pa.ka8!ng'
Lahon, rcov8y and reyĆlins sys.n
ncs should be lisl.d as łćy faclorś of s!Ć@ssful ieĆ|
Ec l$islation has bccn bascd on thc Europ.an Pa.
liamont ańd coun.il Dimctive 91/ó2lEc of 20 Dc.cmbd]994on Pa.kigiĘ and Pa.kagi$
wł*. Th. Dne-
pact ol pa.kagi',B otr
the
cnvnonnent by rcduĆingPĆkagiĘ sou!i!, !'lińi
naiin8 halnful maErialŚ in P.k aE jiE wa$e,naxiń'ing ihe re.Óv.ry of PackaEin! waśc Ior rcusc' ic.ydnrg,
.omPośi'B or .nergy 8en{'hon
onsiitur. majoriiy of
ihc produ.hon (Fi8 4). PET a(ounb only Ior 7% of ihe
totil imouni, mt .oLrhg lvel 50'/" oI ib ltnsumptioĄ
which sbon8ly incrcased Rently lal PET b.tles are thE
a
quantity 3oin3 fo! ńnal dnPosal' Thc cEc lcEilation
lefds to the wE *and'rds, but lhc.omplc\ sysĆms of
teovły ańd rR:}'clinE of Pa.k.8ing wa*e łrc *ill la.k]nE GPłt lrom Hun8ary the cz€.h Republi. anLl F}
land, wh(h b.long b ine Green DÓt sy*em) s€venl
sma]l ind Middl. Ent€rpriŚs (sME) in crntal EltoP!
ako haYe b€en adive at the rs{Ćli
suilc
conońy
laĆkinB supPoń lrom t]re syslPm'
HowevPl, ihe Pmblcm dos ńor rest Lvit} te.hnolo8y
of PooI
cEC a
miin d fioll-v lies lń rhe
ava ability o' wane phśic, which only nrcly arc rc
several re.y.ling planb in
thNE wÓrkin8 at WE' Thc
whcn lookinE foI the PlaśiĆlvasb souire lor ncydin8 one has io .omidcr poś_.on
!eP!eŚ.nh 2/3 ÓI the avłilable wr
foIc a(oldDg ro the Plaśi. iype hm be.n Pres.nicd ln
fi! 7 w6k urńt frtIinń n1 ńh'tr6l' sLd;t ws1
nnrlbn nt wrcck (^u9r4, laaa)
plł ic waś!is landfiu.d iI cEc, bui
inacasngquotahavcbeelr.Po .dłsrPm.Pscdand
circntcd, dependiĘ on the muntr łl..lmnicil r..'_
.li'r8 is develoPńg w h }jgh d'i
te.hnolÓ8i.s and Plodu.t olfercd
ńelous sMEs rc.ydc Polyolcńns, \'hrch c cłhcl aE
8lÓńeratd o! of'c.e,l in thai fo.n
agBloń-ated and Pcllchzcd, thc laft! forń b€Ęg ńorc
Ęcful fo. rcPro.e$ilrg. R(ydiĘ
.omPlratcd, lher.forc only i lcrv Plrnś eic.hnjcil]y
ppparcd io dris b!si,Es. Both n&$ ri.rlind chcmical
reryding is implemenEd in d'e c[c cuncnily worki'rg
PET re.yding Pla 5 hale b*n liśĆdb.l.u
Majorily oI
I'3.
5
',anr5
itr
'&'żi{l
U'śb
Mixc,l po*{oNuńer \'a*e k nÓt advanla8fuus fol
_ . sc]cdllc co]lcclioń śy*.n, whidl as
sunes sePłntion of Ęsb lor Plasfrc, glaŚ, papet and
metal at their sonrce konsunrt is mu.h mor.lavorabl..
slch \y$cmś have blcn inplem.|lcd rn scvcral cEc
lecy.lilg
a0_50 t/month (Wlodas
30l/nonth (zieloni córa
Tlle naŚ lracIion oI
w
h 700 000
iŃabł n'
r20 000 inhabibnts)
rd
in thg
Pa i.ulir onPonens
ĆÓnbinoB fol sel{live wr*c .ollcdjon jn Wn]Ćlaw h
l-\
v'/
".1
..\
Fir. 6.
,/-
wtrk,N/mdtu'
PET k
d.ninath8
(FiF 7) Thisńndingi5
mniainos lor sclmhv. ol
ile volumc hachoB
s.asÓnally d.ppndenl'
in ihe
nÓt
RecydĘg plinb hav. bccn lżun.hed \'łhin le..trt
yc.E in PłIillcl with jncl.asing PET.onsuńPtjon Thc
lBl b.low sPecjJiś planb (and caPacihc' dcilń! with
PoLowAT Lrd., Bielsko
Biala
ELANA PET Ltd', Toruń
-
HANEX Lid ' sokólka
FLA
_
20 ki, pLodud
4 kr (3 kr
2 kt
ot
libĆ*, ] kt P.l
(nul
AL lAKo Lhl, roru,i - .rpaciry or
1.5
ki
Th{c is cxteNivcrcsc .h activity oń PET re.yding
b.hnolool jn scvcnl mdusty żnd
(rndusbial chenishr Rse .h In
kow Univłsiiy 01T{hnolog' sz.zNn Unllcsty of
TPd olo$, Rzeszw UniveE y o
sin,orLublin,wrodawUniv.BiiyolTc.hnolosv) lnnc
vainę ProduĆh have been of'ered, whi.h ĘPreselt
.ed intcro'l adhc
sionand vantłgous
end-use pmpeńi* l14 20l
sibleaPplicaiionsinclu'l€ledni.al
ioad and building inriastudure, d'
Pc
-
ccnral Europe
tu
inpoder of substanhal amouni
_
czc.h Republi. IET .oBumprio
wli.h 20 kl is fÓr botles'
sILoN Ltl., llam md Luhi.i iŚ tn. only Plart włh
re.yding ability .apaciry or 1 kt cibcc, non,rcven
Pub]ic is 50 kt, ol
Hunsaly rhcrc
produdion coNunpiion
bo les
PLASTWAY HUNGARY Ltd., Eudrpest pcrforms
mc.hanral rc.ycli$ wilh cłpa.iiy of 5'j *t (2 5 ki pel
lcb) łnd so]!x Lid', Nyireghua (grindiĘ 1 k0. cen._
nlsftuaiion in urilizing pla*id wasb in Hungary has
a(ou.b
is no PET
to. 33 kL includins 25 kr for
kt js eiPoted' whereas
lecydins ,n rh. .ounry
-
ł kt
5 kr, ofwhrch 5.5
is imPo cd. Thmc ń no
is rc.ycled in silon
the
There is no cffect]ve reovery sysem dev€]Óped
in
centnl EurcPean counris
_ Poland is a lsdd ańons cEc in PET consumP_
_
Edu.atiÓń and hainin8 has
cEc, bein8 Proąohd by Vltmhw
/c(NoWŁaDcMaNTs
s wtl b' tht AŚt],tbn of Pbdns Mjń4khlds łr
El,tP. and PETCaRE, Bl!śłkis kLnfuką.d Pd inldl
Xh! dr, b.Iun Ftkl'1!, Pfu|' vfrlislna Dndń.Arad Dl
can?ti, vftit? fu atn stwt w;th pET tq.t te tutr d
peńn'nl onna] Enlo|nn comnis'
wa*c PET
Romania. InPdb 36'5 kt of
PET
ńo
tcyciing ac
susta łble d.velopnent in ł€ry eommy n€eds
tt Tlererore, several
hłv. b.en iniliated' ln r99;r9Ę Wthjn thc TEMPUS
Phare schcme Wroclaw Unlvcrsiry of Technology
(wUT), bEcthfl w h the UniveE y or Palermo and iLe
$e Pojed ,,E@
lqicalAsPedsof Plł icwaśeManagem€nl, Prin.ipal
WUTslafIhasbeenb n€d on re.yding ai the EUbP€an
connunil' a nlw .ouśe rń -P]as
hłs been imPlement.d ai WUT, ihe Polyń* Rsyclins
Lóbolably has bNn ocatcd and ł book 1nbodudion
into Plashc Rc.ycljng" has b*n Publśhed.
sblhnE from 19$ nruT hs hunched ihe biannual
cońfscnc. on ''Plaśi.s Re.ycliĘ" ain ed at sbeĘ &.nng thcn jonallinłs and identifi.atiÓn of pGsjbl. re.y
ding problems and pa*ne6.
In 1999 lhe NłwÓrk on Polyner Engin.din8
'id
Re.yĆlinB has been deatd unde! cenbal EuDPcan
Edu.atjon PrÓgrań Óń Unive6ny sfodics (CEEPU'
vien'u) at which Polańd, Hungary' BuĘań, Ronania,
$e slova* RePUbl]. and c.oaha have b€en 8adE€d iill
nou The Nctuo* has be.n devo
śudĆ.tcxchłnge and tainiĘ on plaśic FĆycling b.
tuccn ccnbal rurpean runiiies.
h 2002 ihe Matdiars tu.yclins ccntcr oI Excclenr
has been deated ar wĘclaw univssih, of Te.hnoloEy
Understh Frańsorl ProEEmc'
PlrPdęd, tóks .nd oPłaiing PlaN of łhe MaeiaL
Rcqdng c€ntd oI Ex€ll€n€
]Bve bem diŚ sed ń lr2]'
1 PiwhkA.'Moowj!.',(}Ę!^:P'źiry2lsr,47,!9L
5 x@ls!tr !] P.doul ońóujid'iń' 20M
6 cdvń n: dłt Pb! Es,jq]':6'
Unlvmsiiy oI Mnrhq had imPl€m€nkd
wd,!@,N6,$d(o
ocrchNi0,is.
rd! nro{ric,Bsmrdoc
a.,
sąĘhk M.'
r7'
lv
kidN
J,
ur4li L a,
nn i$.Teńnd Ś!ri ! 'Phłi |cy.
fob*!J,PrłhkP ł16l R@zsl,iit,s.
r9dń3'' j6.!i rL2, s.PtFlcr2 [' M łnln P.57
19' JqjóBLa n:
ó' n&Pljr
20 Mióar*^:ód ll3],Pl5