docارزشیابی یک کتاب آموزش زبان تخصصی پزشکی بر اساس سنجش
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ارزشیابی یک کتاب آموزش زبان تخصصی پزشکی بر اساس سنجش
ƾƨººƃżěƭƺºººººƬƗŹŵƁŻƺºººƯōƽƶƘº ººſƺţƽƶƬ ºººŬƯ ÒÒŚţÑÖšŚŰƠƇÕÖƱŚŤƀƯŻƹżǀƿŚěÒƵŹŚưƃÐƽƵŹƹŵ Downloaded from zums.ac.ir at 8:53 IRST on Wednesday March 8th 2017 ƱŚƿƺŬƄƳřŵƽŚƷŻŚǀƳƂŬƴſŽŚſřźŝƾĪƃżěƾƈƈŴţƱŚŝŻƁŻƺƯōśŚŤĩĨƿƾŝŚǀƃŻŹř çƾưƓŚĩŚǀƫƺƴĮƯæƾĪƬƯƶƫřŚƐƗźŤĩŵ [email protected] ƾĪƃżěƽƵŶĪƄƳřŵ ƱŚŬƳŻƾĪƃżěƭƺƬƗƵŚĮƄƳřŵƱŚŬƳŻƩƺŘƀƯƽƵŶƴƀƿƺƳ ƵŶǀĪģ źţLJŚŝƖƏŚƤƯŹŵƾƬǀƈŰţŢǀƤƟƺƯƁŻƺƯōƽƵŹƹŵƩƺƏŹŵƱŚ ƿƺŬƄƳřŵƽŚƷŻŚǀƳƲŤųŚſƵŵŹƹōźŝŚŝƾƃŻƺƯōśŚŤĩŜſŚƴţƹŢƤŝŚƐƯƝŶƷƹƶƴǀƯŻ ƁŻƺºƯōśŚºŤĩƢºǀƤŰţƲƿřŵŹřŵƾƿřżſƶŝźǀŧŚţŚƷƱōƽřƶƟźůƹƾƬƜƃƽƵŶƴƿōŹŵŢǀƤƟƺƯŢƿŚƸƳŹŵƹźŤƄǀŝƽźǀĭŵŚƿƽřźŝƶƣLjƗƹƵżǀĮƳřŵŚŬƿř źºŝƹƵŵřŵŹřźºƣƾŝŚǀºƃŻŹřŵŹƺƯřŹŶƃŚŝƾ ƯƱřźƿřŹŵƾĪƃżěƱŚƿƺŬƄƳřŵƽřźŝƵŵŚƠŤſřŵŹƺƯƽŚƷśŚŤĩŻřƾĪƿƱřƺƴƗƶŝƶĩƾĪƃżěƾƈƈŴţƱŚŝŻ ŢſřƶŤƟźĭšŹƺƇƾƈƈŴţƱŚŝŻŵŚŤſřšřźƔƳƹŚƷƵŶ ƿřƹƱřźƿřŹŵƾĪƃżěƭƺƬƗƽŚƷƵŚĮƄƳřŵŻř ƾĪƿƾĪƃżěƱŚƿƺŬƄƳřŵƽŚƷŻŚǀƳƾſŹźŝŽŚſř ƱōƱŵźºĩƵŵŹƹōźºŝŹŵƱƺºŤƯƲºƿřƱŵƺºŝŶǀƠƯƹƾƿōŹŚĩƾſŹźŝƹƱƺŤƯƽźǀĭŵŚƿŹŵƾĪƃżěƱŚƿƺŬƄƳřŵƾƬƇřƽŚƷŻŚǀƳƾſŹźŝŵŶƇŹŵƶƘƫŚƐƯƲƿř ŢſřƵŵƺŝŚƷŻŚǀƳ ƽƺŬƄºƳřŵêåƾĪºƃżěƾƈºƈŴţƱŚºŝŻƽŚºƷŻŚǀƳƱŵźĩƆŴƄƯƽřźŝƾŬƴſŻŚǀƳƽŚƷƭźƟƹƱŚƿƺŬƄƳřŵšŚƈŴƄƯƢǀƤŰţƲƿřŹŵƾſŹźŝƁƹŹ ŹŚºƯōŽŚºſřźºŝŚºƷƵŵřŵ ŶºƿŵźĭƵŵŚƠŤºſřśŚºŤĩŻřƾƿŚƷƶŞƴūŵŹƺƯŹŵŵŚŤſřšřźƔƳƾſŹźŝƽřźŝśŚŤĩƾŝŚǀƃŻŹřƽƶƯŚƴƄſźěƲǀƴĤưƷƹƾĪƃżě ŶƳŶƃƪǀƬŰţƾƏŚŞƴŤſřŹŚƯōƹƾƠǀƇƺţ ƂºƳřŵŮƐſƶŝƶūƺţŚŝřŹƱŚƿƺŬƄƳřŵƽŚƷŻŚǀƳƪƯŚĩŹƺƏƶŝƾĪƃżěƾƈƈŴţƱŚŝŻƁŻƺƯōśŚŤĩƶĩŶƷŵƾ ƯƱŚƄƳƱŚƿƺŬƄƳřŵƾŬƴſŻŚǀƳŚƷƶŤƟŚ ƿ ƹŶºƴƷŵƾ ºƯŮǀūźºţřŹƱōƱŚƿƺŬƄºƳřŵƶºĩƾƬƯŚºƘţƕƺºƳŮºūŹřƽźǀĭŵŚºƿƽŚƷƁƹŹƾŞƳŚūƽŚƷšŹŚƸƯƾƳŚŝŻƽŚƷšŹŚƸƯŚƷƱōƾƀǀƬĮƳřƱŚŝŻ ŵŻŚſƾ ưƳƵŵŹƹōźŝƾƏŚŞţŹřƽŚƷŢ ǀƫŚƘƟ ƽŚºƷšŹ ŚºƸƯƹƂºƳřŵŮƐºſƶŝƶūƺţŚŝƱŚƿƺŬƄƳřŵƽŚƷŻŚǀƳŶƿŚŝƾĪƃżěƾƈƈŴţƱŚŝŻƁŻƺƯōśŚŤĩƲƿƹŶţŹŵƶĩŶſŹƾ ƯźƔƳƶŝƽźǀĭƶŬ ǀŤƳ ŵŵźĭƑŚŰƫŵŻŚſƾ ƯƵŵŹƹōźŝřŹƱŚƿƺŬƄƳřŵƾưƬƗƹƾƏŚŞţŹřƽŚƷŢ ǀƫŚƘƟƶĩƽźǀĭŵŚƿƽŚƷƁƹŹƕƺƳƹ ƾŞƳŚūƹƾƳŚŝŻ śŚŤĩƾŝŚǀƃŻŹřƝŶƷŢǀƘƋƹƂŬƴſƭƹŵƱŚŝŻƾƳƺƴĩŢǀƘƋƹƂŬƴſƾŬƴſŻŚǀƳƾƃŻƺƯōŵřƺƯƵĦƿƹƝřŶƷřƽřźŝƾƀǀƬĮƳřƽŶǀƬĩƱŚĭĥřƹ ƾſŹŵ ƹƾººſŹŵƽżººƿŹƶººƯŚƳźŝƁŻƺººƯōƽŚººƷƁƹŹ ƾƈººƈŴţ ƶƯŶƤƯ ƢºƿLjƗƹŚºƷŻŚǀƳƂŬƴºſƾƈºƈŴţƽŚƷƱŚŝŻƁŻƺƯōŹŵ ƂŬƴººſƶººĩŶººƳŹřŵƾ º ƯŹŚººƸƓřèŶººƴƬƿŚƷƹçƱƺƀººƴǀŝřŹ ƽŚºƷƱŚºŝŻ ƾºƃŻƺƯō ƽŚºƷśŚŤĩśŚŴŤƳřŹŵŚƷŻŚǀƳƲƿřħŹŵ æŻźţřƹƹƱƺƀƴǀģŚƷŵƺŝŶƷřƺųźŧƺƯĨƃƾ ŝ ƽŻŚſƱƺƯŻō (Needs Assessment)ŵŹřŵƽźºƟřƹŢºǀưƷřƱŚƿƺŬƄƳřŵ ƱŚŬƳŻƾĪƃżěƭƺƬƗƵŚĮƄƳřŵŹŚǀƄƳřŵƾƀǀƬĮƳřƱŚŝŻƽřźŤƧŵæ ƾƀǀƬĮƳřƱŚŝŻŶƃŹřŽŚƴƃŹŚĩç ƾĪƃżěƾƈƈŴţƱŚŝŻƁŻƺƯōśŚŤĩĨƿƾŝŚǀƃŻŹř ƱŚƿƺŬƄƳřŵŹŵƽźǀĭŵŚƿŶƴƿōźƟƪǀƸƀţƵĦƿƹƝřŶƷřƶŝƾŝŚǀŤſŵ ƾƀºǀƬĮƳřƱŚºŝŻƽźǀĭŵŚƿ ŻřřŹŚƷƱōƝŶƷƱŚƿƺŬƄƳřŵ ƽŚƷŻŚǀƳ Ŷƴĩƾ ƯŵŚƸƴƄǀěƾƈƈŴţƱŚŝŻƽŚƷśŚŤĩ ƽŚºƷśŚºŤĩƶºŝŻŚºǀƳŚºƷŻŚǀƳƲºƿřŻřƾºĪƿŶƄºŴŝƾ Ư ƽźŤƄǀŝ ƾŝŚǀºƃŻŹřƽřźºŝřŹƱŚƿƺŬƄºƳřŵ ƽřźºŝ ƽźǀĭŵŚƿƽŻŚſƶƴǀƯŻ ƹ ĨƿśŚŴŤƳřƹƪǀƬŰţƽřźŝƭŚĭƶŝƭŚĭŶƴƿōźƟĨƿíźĮƴƿŹŚĭ Downloaded from zums.ac.ir at 8:53 IRST on Wednesday March 8th 2017 ̋˹ śŚºŤĩŜſŚƴţŶƴƿōźƟƲƿřƶƧŢſřƵŵźĩƶƋźƗřŹƾſŹŵśŚŤĩ ƱŚĭŶºƳźǀĭŵŚƿ ƝřŶºƷřƹƢºƿLjƗƲºſƾºĮƴƷźƟ ƽŚƷƶƴ ǀƯŻŚŝ ƾºſŹŵŵřƺƯƽŶƴŝƶūŹŵƾƳŚŝŻƽŚƷšŹŚƸƯŶǀƫƺţŹŵƾƄŴŝźŧř ŢºưǀƣƪºŨƯƾºƬưƗŦºůŚŞƯƹŢŴºſƶŝƵŵŚſŻřšŚƴƿźưţƹ ŵźǀĭƾƯźŝŹŵřŹ ƵźǀƛƹƭřƹŵŢǀƠǀĩ ƲƿřƶŤƟźĭŹřźƣƾſŹźŝŵŹƺƯƹŭźƐƯƢǀƤŰţƲƿřŹŵƶĩ ƾƫřƺſ ƽŚºƷŻŚǀƳƾĪºƃżěƱŚƿƺŬƄºƳřŵƽřźŝ ƾƀǀƬĮƳřśŚŤĩŚƿōƶĩ ŵƺŝ ƹƶºƿŚěƲǀºƴĤưƷŶºƴĩƾ ºƯƲǀƯŚţřŹƾĪƃżěƱŚƿƺŬƄƳřŵƾƳŚŝŻ śŚºŤĩƶºĩŶºƿŵźĭŹřƺŤºſřŢºŞŨƯƶǀƋźƟƲƿřźŝƢǀƤŰţŽŚſř ƱŚƿƺŬƄºƳřŵ ƾƳŚºŝŻ ƽŚƷŻŚǀƳ ƾĪƃżěƱŚƿƺŬƄƳřŵ ƽřźŝ ƾƀǀƬĮƳř ƾſŹźŝƪƯŚƃƢǀƤŰţƝřŶƷřƖƣřƹŹŵŶƴĩƾ ƯƲǀƯŚţřŹƾĪƃżě śŚºŤĩ ƽřƺºŤŰƯŚºŝƱŚƿƺŬƄƳřŵ ƾƳŚŝŻ ƽŚƷŻŚǀƳƱŵřŵŢƤŝŚƐƯƹ ŚºƷŻŚǀƳƲƿřƱŶƄƳƵŵŹƹōźŝŚƿƱŶƃƵŵŹƹōźŝƾſŹźŝƹźƔƳŵŹƺƯ ŵƺŝƵŶƃžƿŹŶţśŚŤĩŜƫŚƐƯŚŝ ƾſŹźŝƁƹŹ ŹŵƾƈºƈŴţƱŚºŝŻŵŚŤºſřĨƿƹƾĪƃżěƽƺŬƄƳřŵƵŚŬƴě ƹźºŤųŵçìŻřƪĪƄºŤƯƱŚƿƺŬƄƳřŵŶƳŵźĩŢĩźƃƶƘƫŚƐƯƲƿř ƺƌºƗŽŹŵŵŚŤºſřŶºƳŵƺŝƩŚºſçæƾƴºſƲǀĮƳŚǀƯŚŝźƀěçè ƲºƿřŹŵŵƺºŝžƿŹŶţƽƶƤŝŚſƩŚſççŚŝƵŚĮƄƳřŵƾưƬƗšŚǀƷ ƞǀƫŚººţƾĪººƃżěƱŚƿƺŬƄººƳřŵƽřźººŝƾƀº ǀƬĮƳřśŚººŤĩƶººƘƫŚƐƯ ƾŝŚǀƃŻŹř ŢƟźĭŹřźƣ ƾŝŚǀƃŻŹřŵŹƺƯ îƾŝřźƸƯƹƱŚƿźƿźŰţ ƎººſƺţƵŶººƃŭźººƐƯƶººƳŚĭŹŚƸģƽŚƷŵŹřŶƳŚŤººſřŽŚººſřźººŝ (Needs Assessment)ƾŬƴſŻŚǀƳƽƶŬ ǀŤƳƹìťŹƺĮƴǀƳŚĩ ĨºƿƪºůřźƯŢƟźĭƭŚŬƳřƶƏƺŝźƯŵŚŤſřšřźƔƳƹƱŚƿƺŬƄƳřŵ ŢºƸū æå ƱřŹŚºĪưƷƹƲºſŹƹƵŚĭŶƿŵ ƶŝƶūƺţŚŝ ƾŝŚǀƃŻŹř ƾŝŚǀºƃŻŹřŵŹƺºƯƕƺºƋƺƯŢºǀƠǀĩŵŹƺƯŹŵŚƷŵŹřŶƳŚŤſřƲǀǀƘţ Ţºƣŵ ƾºƃŻƺƯō ƾºůřźƏƹƽżºƿŹƶƯŚƳźŝƶŝƹŶƴĩƾ ƯƆŴƄƯ ƾŝŚǀººƃŻŹřƶººŝŻŚººǀƳƲººƿřƲǀƯŚººţŢººſřŶººǀƠƯƾººƃŻƺƯō ƶºŝŢºſřũŚºŤŰƯźƔƳŵŹƺºƯ ƾºƃŻƺƯōŜŤĩ(Evaluation) šŹŚºŞƗƾſŹŵƽŚƷśŚŤĩ ƾŝŚǀƃŻŹřŻźţřƹƹƱƺƀƴǀģŚƷƽƶŤƠĭ ŢſřŵƺūƺƯƽŚƷƪůƵřŹŚŝƱřźǀĭřźƟ ƽŚƷŻŚǀƳƢǀŞƐţŶƴƿōźƟŻř ƍŚŞţŹřŹŵ ƾĪƃżě ƽƺŬƄƳřŵƵƹźĭĨƿƽŚƷŻŚǀƳƢǀƤŰţƲƿřŹŵ ƲºƿřŚºŝśŚºŤĩƱōƢǀŞƐţƹƾƈƈŴţƱŚŝŻƾſŹŵśŚŤĩĨƿŚŝ ƱŚºŝŻƶŝ ƱŚƿƺŬƄƳřŵ ƽŚƷŻŚǀƳŵźǀĭƾ ƯŹřźƣ ƾſŹźŝŵŹƺƯŚƷŻŚǀƳ ƽřƶºƟźůƽŚºƷŻŚǀƳƹƾƷŚĮƄƳřŵƽŚƷŻŚǀƳƵƹźĭƹŵƶŝƾƈƈŴţ ƾƷŚĮƄºƳřŵƽŚƷŻŚǀƳƱŶƄƳƵŵŹƹōźŝšŹƺƇŹŵŵƺƃƾƯƮǀƀƤţ 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ƾºůřźƏŢŴºſƶºŝƱŚºſōŻřƱƺºŤƯƮǀƔƴţƾƴƘƿ(Grading) ŻřŢºſřƵŶºƃśŚŴŤƳřƾƟŵŚƈţƹŹŚŬƴƷŚƳšŹƺƇƶŝƹƵŶƄƳ ƽřŹřŵŶºƿŚŝƱŵƺŝƾưſŹźŝƵƹLjƗśŚŤĩƱŚŝŻƕƺƳŵŚŤſřƵŚĭŶƿŵ ƹšŚƗƺºƋƺƯŶºƃŚŝżºǀƳ ƾưºſŹźǀƛ šŚƗƺºƋƺƯƹšŚưƫŚĪƯ ŹŵřźºƿŻŢºſřƵŶºƃ ƾŝŚǀºƃŻŹřśƺºųľŚŤŞƀºƳśŚŤĩ ƽřƺŤŰƯ šřŹŚƄºŤƳřŻřśŚºŤĩƲºƿřŶºƃŚŝƾ ƯƾĪƃżěƞƬŤŴƯƽŚƷƵŻƺů ƾĪºƃżě ƾƳŶºƳřƺųƱƺºŤƯŻřƪĪƄºŤƯƹŢºſřŢưſƱŚƯŻŚſ ƽřƶºưūźţƱƺºŤƯƹƾƈºƈŴţƱŚĭĥřƹƲƿźưţŲſŚěƹƂſźě ƽƹŚºůƂŴŝźƷƶĩŢſřƂŴŝƵŵżƳŚěƽřŹřŵśŚŤĩƲƿřŢſř ƱōƽŚºƷƶŤƃƺƳ ŢſřƶưūźţƹƱŚŝŻšŚƴƿźưţŚŝƵřźưƷƲŤƯƶſ ŢºſřƽźƈºŝƽŚºƷƶºŝŷŚūƹźƿƹŚƈţŻřƽŹŚƗƹŶǀƠſƹƵŚǀſ ƲŤƟźºĭźºƔƳŹŵƱƹŶºŝśŚŤĩƩƺƏŹŵšŚƴƿźưţƹƱƺŤƯƖƿŻƺţ ƖŝŚƴƯ 1- Hutchinson T, Waters A. 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