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ORIGINAL PAPER
Curr Probl Psychiatry 2012; 13(4):231-237
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The comorbidity of anxiety and depression symptoms during
pregnancy trimesters
Justyna Morylowska-Topolska1, Marta Makara-
2
1Katedra
2Samodzielna
i Klinika Psychiatrii, Uniwersytet Medyczny, Lublin
Pracownia Zdrowia Psychicznego, Uniwersytet Medyczny, Lublin
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@^" The scientific aim of this work was the assessment of anxiety and depressive symptoms in particular pregnancy
trimesters and the analysis of different types of anxiety: anxiety as a state and anxiety as a trait.
Material and methods. The research was conducted in gynecologic-obstetric clinics in the area of Lublin and Mazovian provinces from
January 2011 to May 2012. It was longitudinal prospective trial. Each woman was examined three times: during first, second and third
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V5questionnaire – of own construction,
9<` 5 89<5=% _ > <` ]^" < ^ utive trimesters,
women were given a set of questionnaires for filling in and they returned them at next visit. The examined group consisted of 314
preg8^*Y=women.
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deviation, median, minimal and maxim^"5>`^– the following nonparametric tests were used: U Mann-Whitney test and ANOVA of Kruskal-Wallis.
The analysis of mutual correlation between examined parameters was performed using the Spearman range correlation test. Five
percent >^>>8}=~["[W"W
Results
Anxiety symptoms in the first trimester of pregnancy were experienced by DF"+H of respondents, in the second trimester – by
D'"QH, in the third – by DQ"QH. 5^ymptoms occurred less frequently, and so: in the first trimester in *W"'H> % in the
Copyright © 2012 Medical University of Lublin
232
J. Morylowska-Topolska, M. Makara-
second in *D"FH% in the third- in *+H> the women. At least once the symptoms of anxiety were experienced by 'F"QH>
the respondents, depressive symptoms - by DW"+YH"Percentages of the women, in whom anxiety and depressive symptoms coexisted in
different trimesters, amounted to *D"FH> the respondents in the first%*["YHand 12.4Htrimester of pregnancy. Anxiety symptoms were present in *W"QH > in all trimesters of pregnancy, and in **"WH in the two trimesters. For
depression, these percentages were respectively '"WH Q"\H. The relation between the severity of symptoms of anxiety and depression severity in different trimesters was confirmed, but this relationship was stronger in the first and third trimester than in the second
trimester. $ scales (anxiety as a state and as a trait) of the Inventory of State and Trait Anxiety correlated with the severity of symptoms of hospital anxiety and depression scale (9<5="Anxiety as a state most strongly correlated with symptoms of anxiety in the third
trimester and with depression in the first trimester. Anxiety as a trait most strongly correlated with symptoms of anxiety and depression in the third trimester.
Conclusions
Introducing of screening tests regarding anxiety and depression during pregnancy, conducted systematically during this period,
creates possibility for earlier diagnosis and quicker provision of appropriate interventions. Earlier diagnosis and appropriate interventions in case of anxiety and depression development during pregnancy creates a possibility of preventing their effects, such as postpartum depression and disturbed psychophysical development of child.
‡›™‘”†•: anxiety, depression, pregnancy
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during pregnancy: a risk factor for obstetric, fetal and
neonatal outcome? A critical review of the literature. J
Matern Fetal Neonatal Med"D[[F&D[8'=V*YQ–D[Q"
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„> <"% $ †"% ƒ " " X^ > epressive symptoms in late pregnancy and postpartum.
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5ssion, Obstet. Gnecolo" D[[F& **[8W=V **[D–
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##"%–9<"%$–"""5^ptoms among pregnant women screened in obstetrics
"„?9"D[['&*D8+=V'F'–Y["
– _"% 5 #"% 9-Reif M. Prenatal depression effects on the foetus and neonate in different ethnic
and socio-economic status groups. J Repr Inf Psychology
2002,20: *+Q–*WF
Sutter-5 <6"% Giaconne-Marcesche V., Glatigny
5 ‰"% et al. Women with anxiety disorders during
pregnancy are at increased risk of intense postnatal depressive symptoms: A prospective survey of the MAT˜ˆ]5"Eur Psychiatry 2004; *QV+WQ–+\'"
‘””‡•’‘†‡…‡ƒ††”‡••
Justyna Morylowska-Topolska
Klinika Psychiatrii UM w Lublinie
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@op.pl
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Curr Probl Psychiatry 2012; 13(4):231-237