Changes in blow by and compression pressure of a diesel engine

Changes in blow by and compression pressure of a diesel engine

Article citation info:
.26=$à.$*68&+(&.,$&KDQJHVLQEORZE\DQGFRPSUHVVLRQSUHVVXUHRIDGLHVHOHQJLQHGXULQJDEHQFKGXUDELOLW\WHVWCombustion Engines.
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study was conducted on three four-cylinder turbocharged DI diesel engines with a capacity of 1.3 dm3. The changes in
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showed that the maximum compression pressure remained at the same level during a long period of engine operation,
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and then it started to rise linearly at full engine load. The rate of increase depended on engine speed – it was the smallest
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Keywords: diesel engine, ring pack, blow-by, compression pressure, wear
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The tightness of the combustion chamber is an important
characteristic which determines the technical condition of
an internal combustion engine. During engine operation,
tightness deteriorates mainly due to wear on the pistonrings-cylinder assembly, as well as to the valves and valve
seats. The decrease in tightness affects engine performance,
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increased blow-by, resulting from leakage, accelerates the
degradation of the engine oil and, as a consequence, the
wear of engine components. In the case of diesel engines,
decreased tightness also impairs the start-up performance of
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Engine constructors endeavour to maintain – despite the
inevitable wear of components – the tightness of the combustion chamber at the highest level for a long period of an
engine’s life. Deterioration of the above parameters, resulting
from the decrease in the tightness of the combustion chamber,
is often the reason for deeming an engine to be defective and
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34
COMBUSTION ENGINES, No. 3/2013 (154)
Changes in blow-by and compression pressure of a diesel engine...
Assessments of the tightness of the combustion chamber
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parameters during the operation of an engine facilitates the
evaluation of the structure of the engine, especially in terms
of its durability. It is also helpful in assessing the usefulness
of selected measurements for evaluation of the technical
condition of the engine.
This paper presents results of tests of tightness of the
combustion chamber of a compression-ignition engine
during long-term test-stand durability evaluations. Knowledge of the rate of changes in the tightness as a function of
engine operating time allows validation of results obtained
in simulation studies of changes in the tightness of the combustion chamber using an analytical model of the piston ring
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Badania przeprowadzono na trzech egzemplarzach
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ring with a barrel chrome face, the tapered second compression ring, and the double bevelled oil ring with chrome faces
and a coil spring. The aluminium piston had a cast iron insert
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The tests were conducted on three engines at an engine
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to a four-hour run-in. Each of the engines then underwent a
long-term durability test, during which they operated under
heavy load conditions, in accordance with the elementary
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times. Before, during and after the durability test, about
every 42 elementary cycles, speed characteristics and other
measurements were performed to determine the parameters
of the engine. The total time of operation of each engine
during testing was about 1200 hours.
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4040-A02 Blow-by Meter during engine performance
measurements both at full and at a low engine load (torque
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cylinder was measured using an SPCS-50 compression
pressure tester.
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7KHUHVXOWVRIWKHPHDVXUHPHQWVRIWKHPD[LPXPFRPpression pressure in the cylinders of all of the engines tested
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engines and obtained at full and low engine load at different
periods of the durability test.
COMBUSTION ENGINES, No. 3/2013 (154)
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ok. 1200 godzin.
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of engine speed and it decreased along with the increase
in engine speed (the shape is similar to the engine torque
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Although the aforementioned curves of speed characterisWLFVRIEORZE\ÀRZUDWHVGLGQRWVLJQL¿FDQWO\FKDQJHGXULQJ
the test, the overall assessment of changes in the blow-by
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engine operation did not change their position on the graph
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decision was taken to analyse the results obtained in differ-
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engine load (15 N·m)
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COMBUSTION ENGINES, No. 3/2013 (154)
Changes in blow-by and compression pressure of a diesel engine...
ent engine operating conditions separately, i.e. at a given
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engine operation conditions as a function of testing time are
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operation were higher than in the subsequent measurements performed after about 144 hours of engine operating
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Unfortunately, due to the long period of operation between
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did not permit determination of the time after which the
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is certain that the second measurement (after 144 hours of
operation) was performed after engine run-in processes had
been completed.
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with the engine operating time after run-in, the subsequent
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that there was no such correlation for most of the rotational
speeds at low engine load (at low load, the correlation was
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time
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w funkcji czasu pracy silnika
COMBUSTION ENGINES, No. 3/2013 (154)
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engine operation time
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At all of the rotational speeds of the engine analyzed
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engine operating time. However, the rate of this increase
was different for different rotational speeds. The slowest
increase with operating time was observed for blow-by at
low rotational speeds of the engine – at 1000 rpm there
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hours of operating time. Within the range of medium and
high rotational speeds, these increases ranged from 40 to
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speed of 4000 rpm).
To assess the impact of engine operation time on compression pressure, mean values were determined from
measurements obtained from cylinders of all the engines at
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measurement carried out after 30 h of engine operation.
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We analysed the results of measurements of the blow-by
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during a prolonged durability bench test.
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COMBUSTION ENGINES, No. 3/2013 (154)
Changes in blow-by and compression pressure of a diesel engine...
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depending on engine load.
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a linear manner along with engine operation time, and
the rate of the increase depended on engine speed. The
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operation time was observed at low speeds (at 1000 rpm,
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to the state after 100 hours of engine operation), and the
fastest increase occurred at 4000 rpm, i.e. the speed of
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the same operation time).
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operation time.
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istotnym zmianom do 150 tys. km przebiegu samochodu, a
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cylinder assembly of a diesel engine using a piston ring pack
PRGHO(NVSORDWDFMDL1LH]DZRGQRVF±0DLQWHQDQFHDQG5Hliability, Vol. 51, No. 3, pp. 40-44, 2011.
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engine piston-rings-cylinder assembly on the basis of test bench
results. SAE Paper 2011-24-0130, 2011.
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matematyczna w zadaniach – cz. II: Statystyka matematyczna.
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Technology.
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Mechanicznym Politechniki Lubelskiej.
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e-mail: [email protected]
e-mail: [email protected]
COMBUSTION ENGINES, No. 3/2013 (154)