243_(47)

Transkrypt

243_(47)

Folia Universitas Agriculturae Stetinensis
Folia Univ. Agric. Stetin. 2005, Zootechnica 243 (47)
Spis Treści – Contents
Aleksandra Balicka-Ramisz, Bogumiła Pilarczyk, Tomasz Grupiński Alojzy Ramisz
Badania nad rezerwuarem włośnicy wśród zwierząt wolno żyjących
Studies on Trichinellosis reservoir among free living animals
Piotr Baranowski, Barbara Binerowska, Monika Żbik
Analiza porównawcza włókien włosowych owiec ras wrzosówka polska i Rauhwollige Pommersche
Landschafe
Comparison of hair fibres of the polish wrzosówka sheep and Rauhwollige Pommersche Landschafe
sheep
Bożena Chuda-Mickiewicz, Jarosław Prabucki, Jerzy Samborski Grzegorz Perużyński
Wpływ dwutlenku węgla na dojrzewanie i wartość rozpłodową trutni
The effect of carbon dioxide on drone maturation and breeding value
Ewa Czerniawska-Piątkowska, Henryk Kamieniecki, Jerzy Wójcik Edyta Rzewucka, Małgorzata
Szewczuk, Renata Pilarczyk
Wpływ wieku pierwszego ocielenia na produkcyjność krów czarno-białych z różnym udziałem
genów rasy holsztyńsko-fryzyjskiej
Effect of age at first calving on the performance of black-and-white dairy cows with varied addition
of holstein-friesian genes
Danuta Czernomysy-Furowicz, Jolanta Karakulska, Antoni J. Furowicz, Janusz Kopyłowski,
Paweł Nawrotek, Małgorzata Mizielińska, Jacek Borkowski, Magdalena Ferlas
Ocena skuteczności immunostymulatora Propionibacterium acnes w terapii mastitis krów
The estimation of the Propionibacterium acnes – based immune-stimulator in the bovine mastitis
therapy
Anna Dobrowolska, Kamila Górecka
Budowa histologiczna poroża i kości długiej jelenia (Cervus elaphus L.)
Histology of the red deer (Cervus elaphus L.) antlers and long bone
Anna Dobrowolska, Marek Judka, Maciej Melosik
Ołów postrzałowy jako źródło skażenia bażanta (Phasianus colchicus) i jego środowiska
Shot-derived lead as a source of contamination in the pheasant (Phasianus colchicus) and its habitat
Joanna Ignor, Jolanta Janiszewska, Katarzyna Paradecka Marcin Modzelewski
Obserwacje zachowania się źrebiąt na pastwisku w Stadninie Koni Nowielice
The observation of foals’ pasturing behaviour in Nowielice Stud
Jolanta Janiszewska, Angelika Cieśla, Joanna Ignor, Iwonna Tabiszewska, Anna Szymańska
Analiza zmian w strukturze rasowej koni zarodowych na terenie Zachodniopomorskiego Związku
Hodowców Koni w latach 2000-2003
The analysis of changes in racial structure of breeding horses on terrain of West-Pomeranian Horse
Breeders Association in years 2000-2003
Elżbieta Kalisińska, Wiesław Salicki, Halina Wołochowicz
Mangan w twardych tkankach dwóch gatunków grążyc – ogorzałki Ayhtya marila i głowienki Ayhtya
ferina
Manganese in hard tissues of two Aythyini species the scaup (Ayhtya marila) and the pochard (Ayhtya
ferina)
Marek Kmieć, Arkadiusz Terman, Hanna Kulig, Daniel Polasik
Analiza zależności między polimorfizmem genu receptora ryanodiny (RYR1) a niektórymi cechami
użytkowości rozpłodowej świń
Analysis of relationships between polymorphism in the ryanodin receptor gene (RYR1)
and certain reproductive traits in pigs
Marek Kmieć, Arkadiusz Terman, Joanna Ziemak, Inga Kowalewska-Łuczak
Zależności między polimorfizmem genu receptora estrogenowego (ESR/AvaI, ESR/PvuII) a cechami
nasienia knurów rasy polska biała zwisłoucha
Associations between polymorphism of the estrogen receptor gene (ESR/AvaI, ESR/PvuII) and
reproduction traits of Polish Landrace boars
Stanisław Kondracki, Anna Wysokińska
Charakterystyka zmian w budowie morfologicznej plemników knura, z uwzględnieniem wieku i rasy
rozpłodnika
Characterization of sperm abnormalities of boars with regard of age and breed
Danuta Majewska, Danuta Szczerbińska, Zofia Tarasewicz, Ewa Linke
Wpływ czasu przechowywania jaj przed inkubacją na wskaźniki wylęgowości strusia (Struthio
camelus)
Evaluation of ostrich (Struthio camelus) egg hatching results in relation to storage time
Krum Petkov, Witold Podkówka, Izabela Jaskowska
Jakość i wartość pokarmowa kiszonek z kukurydzy, wysłodków prasowanych, sianokiszonki z
lucerny i porostu łąkowego jako podstawowych pasz objętościowych w systemach TMR i PMR
Quality and nutrie value of maize, pressed sugar beet pulp, lucerne and sward silages as basic bulky
feeds in TMR and PMR system
Roman Petryshak, Yaroslaw Pivtorak, Krum Petkov, Olga Petryshak Kazimierz Bobko
Influence of Humex preparation on growth and development of non-suckling piglets and Probiodor
on digestibility of mixtures for experimental on laboratory rats
Wpływ preparatu Humex na wzrost i rozwój prosiąt oraz preparatu Porobiodor na strawność
mieszanki w doświadczeniu na szczurach laboratoryjnych
Arkadiusz Pietruszka, Roman Czarnecki, Eugenia Jacyno Anita Kołodziej, Maria Kawęcka, Jacek
Owsianny, Jan Udała
Jakość nasienia młodych knurów mieszańców w zależności od genotypu RYR1
Semen quality of young crosbreed boars depending on RYR1 genotype
Ryszard Pikuła, Mirosław Smugała, Żaneta Borowiec-Chłopek Iwonna Tabiszewska
Polimorfizm genetyczny wybranych białek krwi koni rasy Standardbred
Genetic polimorphism of proteins in Standardbred horses
Bogumiła Pilarczyk, Aleksandra Balicka-Ramisz, Alojzy Ramisz Łukasz Laurans
Występowanie pasożytów przewodu pokarmowego u psów i kotów z terenu miasta Szczecina
Prevalence of parasites of the alimentary tract in dogs and cats from Szczecin region
Bogumiła Pilarczyk, Aleksandra Balicka-Ramisz, Alojzy Ramisz Stach Vovk Osipocič1, Agnieszka
Tomza, Marta Wieczorek
Badania nad poziomem selenu w surowicy zwierząt gospodarskich
pochodzących z Pomorza Zachodniego i zachodniej Ukrainy
The investigation of serum selenium levels in farm animals from Western Pomerania and western
Ukraine
Artur Rybarczyk, Roman Szaruga, Wanda Natalczyk-Szymkowska
Mięsność i jakość mięsa w zależności od masy tuszy ciepłej tuczników PEN AR LAN pochodzących
z krzyżowania loch Naïma z knurami P-76
Leanness and meat quality in relation to hot carcass weight in PEN AR LAN porkers derived from
crossing Naïma sows with P-76 boars
Wiesław F. Skrzypczak, Dariusz Drzeżdżon, Małgorzata Ożgo Katarzyna Michałek, Alicja Dratwa
Wstępne badania nad szczelnością nerkowej bariery filtracyjnej w okresie neonatalnym u koźląt
Introductory research on renal filtration barrier tightness in kids in neonatal period
Jan Udała, Dariusz Gączarzewicz, Bogdan Lasota, Barbara Błaszczyk Beata Seremak, Tomasz
Stankiewicz
Charakterystyka zmian budowy morfologicznej plemników knurów użytkowanych w inseminacji
Characteristics of the morphological defects of boars spermatozoa used in artificial insemination
Maria Wolska, Bogusława Wolska-Neja, Waldemar G. Piasecki
Próba wykorzystania zooplanktonu ze stawu retencyjnego oczyszczalni ścieków komunalnych jako
pokarmu do podchowu larw szczupaka (Esox lucius L.)
An attempt of use of zoooplankton from municipal sewage treatment plant’ retention pond, as food
for rearing of pike (Esox lucius L.) larvae
Jerzy Wójcik, Henryk Kamieniecki, Ewa Czerniawska-Piątkowska, Ryszard Skrzypek
Somatic cell count in milk depending on the method of udder and teat preparation for milking
Liczba komórek somatycznych w mleku w zależności od metody przygotowania wymienia i
strzyków do doju
Anna Wysokińska, Stanisław Kondracki
Częstość występowania zmian w budowie morfologicznej plemników knurów mieszańców duroc x
pietrain i hampshire x pietrain oraz czystorasowych knurów duroc, hampshire i pietrain
Frequency of sperm abnormalities of crossbreed boars Duroc x Pietrain and Hampshire x Pietrain
and of purebred boars Duroc, Hampshire and Pietrain
Folia Univ. Agric. Stetin. 2005, Zootechnica 243 (47): 7-10
ALEKSANDRA BALICKA-RAMISZ, BOGUMIŁA PILARCZYK, TOMASZ GRUPIŃSKI1
ALOJZY RAMISZ
BADANIA NAD REZERWUAREM WŁOŚNICY
WŚRÓD ZWIERZĄT WOLNO ŻYJĄCYCH
STUDIES ON TRICHINELLOSIS RESERVOIR AMONG FREE LIVING ANIMALS
Katedra Higieny Zwierząt i Profilaktyki, Akademia Rolnicza
ul. Doktora Judyma 6, 71-466 Szczecin
1
Wojewódzki Inspektorat Weterynarii
ul. Ostrawicka 1, 71-337 Szczecin
Słowa kluczowe: włośnica, lis, dzik, województwo zachodniopomorskie.
Key words: trichinellosis, fox, wild boar, West Pomerania region.
Abstract. The aim of the studies was to established in which degree wild boars and red foxes
are reservoir of Trichinella sp. in Nord-West Poland. Research were carried out between 1997
and 2004 on 505 foxes and 57 462 wild boars muscle samples. The muscle were examined using
two methods – trichinoscopy and digestion. The average prevalence of Trichinella sp.infection of
foxes was 4.35%. Some differences in the infection rate of wild boars were observed. In the years
1999-2001 Trichinella sp. larvae were observed in 0.18%. Between 2002 and 2004 the Trichinella sp. –
prevalence in wild boars was 0.93%, its means that the animals were 5.1 more often infected than in
1999-2001. Maybe the growth of red fox population after the oral vaccination against rabies was the
cause of this phenomenon.
PIOTR BARANOWSKI, BARBARA BINEROWSKA, MONIKA ŻBIK
ANALIZA PORÓWNAWCZA WŁÓKIEN WŁOSOWYCH OWIEC
RAS WRZOSÓWKA POLSKA I RAUHWOLLIGE POMMERSCHE LANDSCHAFE
COMPARISON OF HAIR FIBRES OF THE POLISH WRZOSÓWKA SHEEP
AND RAUHWOLLIGE POMMERSCHE LANDSCHAFE SHEEP
Katedra Nauk o Zwierzętach Przeżuwających, Akademia Rolnicza
Słowa kluczowe: owca, wrzosówka, Rauhwollige Pommersche Landschafe, okrywa włosowa.
Key words: sheep, wrzosówka, Rauhwollige Pommersche Landschafe sheep, hair fibres.
Abstract. The study was carried on 7 Wrzosówka sheep and 10 Rauhwollige Pommersche
Landschafe sheep. Samples of fibres were taken in August when animals were 6 months old.
The diameter thickness and colour of 100 fibres were evaluated per sample. The diameter of
pale fibres (27.46 µm) and dark fibres (36.36 µm) of Rauhwollige Pommersche Landschafe
sheep was greater than fibres of wrzosówka sheep (pale fibres 25.28 µm, dark fibres – 31.30 µm).
The pelage of 6 months old wrzosówka sheep was lighter grey than the pelage of Rauhwollige
Pommersche Landschafe sheep at the same age.
BOŻENA CHUDA-MICKIEWICZ, JAROSŁAW PRABUCKI, JERZY SAMBORSKI
GRZEGORZ PERUŻYŃSKI
WPŁYW DWUTLENKU WĘGLA NA DOJRZEWANIE
I WARTOŚĆ ROZPŁODOWĄ TRUTNI
THE EFFECT OF CARBON DIOXIDE ON DRONE MATURATION
AND BREEDING VALUE
Zakład Pszczelnictwa, Akademia Rolnicza
ul. Doktora Judyma 20, 70-466 Szczecin, e-mail: [email protected]
Słowa kluczowe: wiek trutni, jakość nasienia, inseminacja.
Key words: drone age, semen quality, insemination.
Abstract: The present study was aimed at determining the effect of carbon dioxide on
maturation and breeding value of drones reared for artificial insemination of honey bee queens.
The study was made in 2000-2003 on drones from two rearing series – the first reared in II-III
decade of June, while the second in II-III decade of July. In each series, drones were reared in two
colonies. Drones reared in one of the colonies underwent ten minutes long CO2 anaesthesia in the
first day of their life. Drone breeding value was evaluated at the age of 8, 10, 12 and 14 day of their
life, taking into account such parameters as: percentage of drones delivering semen, volume of
ejaculate collected from one drone, number of drones required for collecting a dose of 8 µl of
semen, number of spermatozoa in 1 µl of semen. It was found that CO2 anaesthesia of drones
directly after their emerging affects favourably their breeding value, accelerating maturation of
breeders. The percentage of drones delivering semen at the age of 8-10 days was higher in CO2
anaesthetised group by 8.11 and 9.24%, respectively. In order to obtain an 8 µl dose, a smaller
number – by half – of 8-10 days old drones anaesthetised with CO2 was required for semen
collection.
EWA CZERNIAWSKA-PIĄTKOWSKA, HENRYK KAMIENIECKI, JERZY WÓJCIK
EDYTA RZEWUCKA, MAŁGORZATA SZEWCZUK, RENATA PILARCZYK
WPŁYW WIEKU PIERWSZEGO OCIELENIA NA PRODUKCYJNOŚĆ
KRÓW CZARNO-BIAŁYCH Z RÓŻNYM UDZIAŁEM GENÓW
RASY HOLSZTYŃSKO-FRYZYJSKIEJ
EFFECT OF AGE AT FIRST CALVING ON THE PERFORMANCE OF BLACK-ANDWHITE DAIRY COWS WITH VARIED ADDITION OF HOLSTEIN-FRIESIAN GENES
Katedra Nauk o Zwierzętach Przeżuwających, Akademia Rolnicza
Słowa kluczowe: białko, tłuszcz, hf, krowy czarno-białe, wiek pierwszego ocielenia, wydajności
mleka.
Key words: protein, fat, HF, Black-and-White cows, age at first calving, yields of milk.
Abstract. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of age at first calving (AFC) on the
performance of dairy cows with various addition of HF blood. The study included yield
(in kg) of milk, fat, and protein, as well as percentage fat and protein in milk for the first three
lactations. The results have shown that the highest milk yield was recorded in cows at AFC higher
than 28.1 months in the 3rd lactation. The differences were significant at p≤0.01. The highest
percentage of fat (4.95%) and protein (3.45%) were found in cows that ware the oldest at first
calving (more than 28.1 months) in genotype groups from 50.1 to 75.0% of HF blood. Differences
were significant for fat content (p≤0.01).
DANUTA CZERNOMYSY-FUROWICZ, JOLANTA KARAKULSKA, ANTONI J.
FUROWICZ, JANUSZ KOPYŁOWSKI1, PAWEŁ NAWROTEK, MAŁGORZATA
MIZIELIŃSKA, JACEK BORKOWSKI, MAGDALENA FERLAS
OCENA SKUTECZNOŚCI IMMUNOSTYMULATORA PROPIONIBACTERIUM
ACNES W TERAPII MASTITIS KRÓW
THE ESTIMATION OF THE PROPIONIBACTERIUM ACNES –
BASED IMMUNE-STIMULATOR IN THE BOVINE MASTITIS THERAPY
Katedra Immunologii i Mikrobiologii, Akademia Rolnicza
1
Lecznica dla Zwierząt s.c.
ul. Topolowa 5A/4, Kamień Pomorski
Słowa kluczowe: immunizacja, immunostymulator, Propionibacterium acnes, mastitis.
Key words: immunization, immune-stimulator, Propionibacterium acnes, mastitis.
Abstract. 8 bacterial species and Candida spp. were isolated from milk probes from the cows
with lactation. The bacteria and Candida spp. were isolated also from probes from the cows
before the drying. After the first immunization of lactating cows with Propionibacterium
acnes, the isolation frequency of each pathogens from milk probes decreased. After the second
immunization only Str. agalactiae has been isolated, although the percentage of its isolations
was ten times lower than before immunization. The immunization of cows before the drying
also caused the reduction of the amount of pathogens. Only E. coli, S. epidermidis and P. vulgaris
were isolated from the milk probes from these cows. The immunization of cows with P. acnes-
based immune-stimulator caused the reduction of the somatic cells amount in milk of mastitic
cows. The amount of somatic cells decreased under 400/ml in 70% of lactating cows and in all cows
in the drying period. This amount was higher than 2 000/ml only in 1.7% of lactating cows.
ANNA DOBROWOLSKA, KAMILA GÓRECKA
BUDOWA HISTOLOGICZNA POROŻA I KOŚCI DŁUGIEJ JELENIA
(CERVUS ELAPHUS L.)
HISTOLOGY OF THE RED DEER (CERVUS ELAPHUS L.) ANTLERS
AND LONG BONE
Katedra Anatomii Zwierząt, Akademia Rolnicza
Słowa kluczowe: osteon, kanał Haversa, poroże, kość długa.
Key words: osteon, Haversian canal, antler, long bone.
Abstract. The study was made on histological mounts of the thigh bone shaft and the right and
left antler beams. The study was aimed at comparing the red deer antler histology with that of
the long bone and at detecting possible differences. As shown by the study, the osteon count in
the red deer thigh bone compact matter was comparable throughout the bone length and
ranged from 21 to 23 osteons per 0.001 mm x 0.001 mm field of vision. The thigh bone Haversian
canal diameter averaged 19.18 µm. The Haversian canal system in the antler compact matter is not
as regular as that in the long bone. The antler produced a much lower osteon count, compared with
that of the bone, per identical field of vision (0.001 mm x 0.001 mm). Moreover, the osteon
counts were found to differ between the beams.
ANNA DOBROWOLSKA, MAREK JUDKA, MACIEJ MELOSIK
OŁÓW POSTRZAŁOWY JAKO ŹRÓDŁO SKAŻENIA BAŻANTA
(PHASIANUS COLCHICUS) I JEGO ŚRODOWISKA
SHOT-DERIVED LEAD AS A SOURCE OF CONTAMINATION
IN THE PHEASANT (PHASIANUS COLCHICUS) AND ITS HABITAT
Katedra Anatomii Zwierząt, Akademia Rolnicza
Słowa kluczowe: ołów postrzałowy, śruciny, żołądek, wątroba, nerki.
Key words: shot-derived lead, pellets, stomach, liver, kidneys.
Abstract. Lead-containing projectiles, used in abundance on hunting grounds and thus in
the vicinity of feeding and resting areas, present a major hazard for the birds and their habitats.
The study was aimed at determining the quantitative and qualitative composition of gastrolites and
the extent of lead contamination of the liver and kidneys of the cultured pheasant and its habitat. Pb
content assays made in livers and kidneys of 60 pheasants showed 53% of the organs analysed
to have Pb contents higher than allowed by the relevant standards, set in Poland at 0.5 mg/kg
liver and kidney wet weight. In one case, the liver Pb content was as high as 232.17 mg/kg w.w.,
10.15 mg/kg w.w. being found in the kidney of the same pheasant.
JOANNA IGNOR, JOLANTA JANISZEWSKA, KATARZYNA PARADECKA
MARCIN MODZELEWSKI
OBSERWACJE ZACHOWANIA SIĘ ŹREBIĄT NA PASTWISKU
W STADNINIE KONI NOWIELICE
THE OBSERVATION OF FOALS’ PASTURING BEHAVIOUR IN NOWIELICE STUD
Katedra Hodowli Koni, Akademia Rolnicza
Słowa kluczowe: źrebięta, zachowanie się na pastwisku.
Key words: foals, pasturing behaviour.
Abstract. The behaviour of 10 foals was observed on the pasture in Nowielice Stud. Foals
were from 2 to 4 months old. The observations of foals’ activities: grazing, suckling, having
fun, resting and walking were analysed. The foals’ behavior depended on the age, sex,
climatic factors and individual features. Most of the time the foals spent on walking. Grazing,
having fun and resting were more prolonged according to the foals’ age.
JOLANTA JANISZEWSKA, ANGELIKA CIEŚLA, JOANNA IGNOR, IWONNA
TABISZEWSKA, ANNA SZYMAŃSKA
ANALIZA ZMIAN W STRUKTURZE RASOWEJ KONI ZARODOWYCH
NA TERENIE ZACHODNIOPOMORSKIEGO ZWIĄZKU HODOWCÓW KONI
W LATACH 2000-2003
THE ANALYSIS OF CHANGES IN RACIAL STRUCTURE OF BREEDING HORSES
ON TERRAIN OF WEST-POMERANIAN HORSE BREEDERS ASSOCIATION
IN YEARS 2000-2003
Katedra Hodowli Koni, Akademia Rolnicza
Słowa kluczowe: hodowla koni, struktura rasowa, klacze hodowlane, ogiery hodowlane, rasa
wielkopolska, rasa małopolska, zimnokrwiste, konie szlachetne półkrwi, koniki
polskie, hucuły, kuce.
Key words: horse breeding, racial structure, breeding mares, stallions, Wielkopolska breed,
Małopolska breed, cold-blooded, Noble half-bred horses, Polish Konik, Hutsul,
ponies.
Abstract. The aim of present work was the analysis of changes in racial structure of breeding
mares and stallions registered in Stud Books on terrain of West-Pomeranian Horse Breeders
Association in years 2000-2003. It fall of mare's number in studied period was affirmed was
from 1480 to 1409, and stallions' number from 221 to 201. It confirms then the tendencies of
fall the horses' number in Poland. Growth of the young mare's percentage was observed
among breeding mares. This is profitable effect. Predominate mare's group was cold-blooded
mares, in spite fall their percentage in studied period. In stallions' on terrain West-Pomeranian
Horse Breeders Association in greatest number were represented Noble Half-Blood horses.
Cold-blooded stallions were second group in relation to number. It was affirmed growth of
interest the mares from ponies' and small horses group as well as insignificant growth of the
stallions' percentage from this group. In property structure were has noted down the mare
small growth of the mare's percentage that belong to private sector the cost of decrease the
mares’ number in National Stud Farms. Opposite tendency was observed in stallions'
population.
ELŻBIETA KALISIŃSKA, WIESŁAW SALICKI, HALINA WOŁOCHOWICZ
MANGAN W TWARDYCH TKANKACH DWÓCH GATUNKÓW GRĄŻYC –
OGORZAŁKI AYHTYA MARILA I GŁOWIENKI AYHTYA FERINA
MANGANESE IN HARD TISSUES OF TWO AYTHYINI SPECIES THE SCAUP
(AYHTYA MARILA) AND THE POCHARD (AYHTYA FERINA)
Katedra Zoologii, Akademia Rolnicza
ul. Doktora Judyma 20, 71-466 Szczecin, [email protected]
Słowa kluczowe: mangan, kość, chrząstka, Ayhtya marila, Ayhtya ferina.
Key words: manganese, bone, cartilage, Ayhtya marila, Ayhtya ferina.
Abstract. Manganese contents (per g dry weight) were determined in bones and cartilages of
two Aythyini species: the scaup (Aythya marila) (n=24, including 17 adults and 7 immature
individuals) and the pochard (Ayhtya ferina) (n=24, including 12 immature and 12 adult birds).
Neither species showed age-related differences in manganese contents of the hard tissues examined.
On the other hand, clear differences were revealed between manganese contents in bones and
in cartilages: the scaup and the pochard 1 g of cartilage Mn contents were by almost 60 and 90%,
respectively, higher than the contents found in the 1 g of bones. The two species did not differ in
the manganese content of their hard tissues, except for the immature scaup which showed higher
bone manganese contents than the pochard of the same age.
MAREK KMIEĆ, ARKADIUSZ TERMAN, HANNA KULIG, DANIEL POLASIK
ANALIZA ZALEŻNOŚCI MIĘDZY POLIMORFIZMEM
GENU RECEPTORA RYANODINY (RYR1) A NIEKTÓRYMI CECHAMI
UŻYTKOWOŚCI ROZPŁODOWEJ ŚWIŃ
ANALYSIS OF RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN POLYMORPHISM IN THE RYANODIN
RECEPTOR GENE (RYR1) AND CERTAIN REPRODUCTIVE TRAITS IN PIGS
Katedra Genetyki i Ogólnej Hodowli Zwierząt, Akademia Rolnicza
ul. Doktora Judyma 6, 71-466 Szczecin, tel/fax. (091) 45 41 497, e-mail:
[email protected]
Słowa kluczowe: polimorfizm genu, świnie, reprodukcja, receptor ryanodiny.
Key words: gene polymorphism, pigs, reproduction, ryanodin receptor.
Abstract. The investigations were conducted on F1 generation derived from large white
(wbp) sows and polish landrace (pbz) boars crossbreed, consisting of 431 pigs.
Polymorphism in ryanodin receptor gene was determined by the PCR-RFLP method using
Hin6I restriction enzyme. Mutation 1843C→T in ryanodin receptor gene, responsible for
susceptibility to stress in pigs occured at frequency of 6,38%. In investigated herd didn’t
occur genotype RYR1nRYR1n as regards this mutation, however frequency of RYR1NRYR1n
genotype amounted 12.76%. Frequency of mutation-free genotype RYR1NRYR1N amounted
87.24%. Influence of genotypes RYR1 on number born alive, number still born, number of
weaned piglets and age of sows by farrowing in 10 following litters was analyzed. Statistical
analysis concerning traits of reproductive performance was carry out after transformed the data
from the discrete to normal distribution, keeping count in model the influence of RYR1
genotype, year and season of the farrowing. This statistical analysis didn’t show influence of
genotypes RYR1 on investigated traits. Only associations in relation to some years and seasons
of farrowing was found
MAREK KMIEĆ, ARKADIUSZ TERMAN, JOANNA ZIEMAK,
INGA KOWALEWSKA-ŁUCZAK
ZALEŻNOŚCI MIĘDZY POLIMORFIZMEM GENU
RECEPTORA ESTROGENOWEGO (ESR/AVAI, ESR/PVUII) A CECHAMI NASIENIA
KNURÓW RASY POLSKA BIAŁA ZWISŁOUCHA
ASSOCIATIONS BETWEEN POLYMORPHISM OF THE ESTROGEN RECEPTOR
GENE (ESR/AVAI, ESR/PVUII) AND REPRODUCTION TRAITS
OF POLISH LANDRACE BOARS
Katedra Genetyki i Ogólnej Hodowli Zwierząt, Akademia Rolnicza
ul. Doktora Judyma 6, 71-466 Szczecin, e-mail: [email protected]
Słowa kluczowe: receptor estrogenowy (ESR), PCR-RFLP, polimorfizm DNA, cechy
reprodukcyjne.
Key words: estrogen receptor gene (ESR), PCR-RFLP, polymorphism DNA, reproduction traits.
Abstract. Estrogen receptor gene (ESR), which is localized in chromosome 1 in pigs, is
a candidate gene marker for reproductive traits. The aim of this study was to determine
the frequency of mutations in the estrogen receptor gene (ESR/AvaI i ESR/PvuII) in boars
kept in the AI Station, as well as to determine the associations between individual genotypes and
quantitative and qualitative characters of the semen. The study included 41 Polish Landrace boars
maintained at the AI Station. The ESR genotypes where determined with PCR-RFLP. The analysis
showed the significant (P≤0.01) associated between the estrogen receptor and reproduction
traits of boars.
STANISŁAW KONDRACKI, ANNA WYSOKIŃSKA
CHARAKTERYSTYKA ZMIAN W BUDOWIE MORFOLOGICZNEJ PLEMNIKÓW
KNURA, Z UWZGLĘDNIENIEM WIEKU I RASY ROZPŁODNIKA
CHARACTERIZATION OF SPERM ABNORMALITIES OF BOARS
WITH REGARD OF AGE AND BREED
Katedra Zoohigieny i Profilaktyki Weterynaryjnej, Akademia Podlaska
ul. Bolesława Prusa 14, 08-110 Siedlce
Słowa kluczowe: morfologia, plemnik, knur, wiek.
Key words: morphology, spermatozoon, boar, age.
Abstract. The investigations were carried out on the 190 ejaculates taken by manual method
from 91 boars: 47 pbz, 15 wbp, 8 Pietrain and 9 crossbreedings Duroc x Pietrain and 12
crossbreedings Hampshire x Pietrain. The material analysed according to the criterion of boars
age considering 4 sub-groups: I – boars at the age to 12 months, II – of 13 to 18 months, III –
of 19 to 36 months, IV – of 37 months. After collecting semen slides were immediately prepared. In
each slide the morphology of 500 spermatozoa, including spermatozoa with proper proportions
and showing major and minor abnormalities. In semen taken from boars at the age 13-18
months was more spermatozoa with proper proportions and least spermatozoa with major and
minor abnormalities.
DANUTA MAJEWSKA, DANUTA SZCZERBIŃSKA, ZOFIA TARASEWICZ, EWA LINKE
WPŁYW CZASU PRZECHOWYWANIA JAJ PRZED INKUBACJĄ
NA WSKAŹNIKI WYLĘGOWOŚCI STRUSIA (STRUTHIO CAMELUS)
EVALUATION OF OSTRICH (STRUTHIO CAMELUS) EGG HATCHING RESULTS IN
RELATION TO STORAGE TIME
Katedra Hodowli Ptaków Użytkowych i Ozdobnych, Akademia Rolnicza
Słowa kluczowe: struś, jaja, czas przechowywania, wylęgowość.
Key words: ostrich, eggs, storage time, hatchability.
Abstract. The study was aimed at determining the effect of egg storage time before setting the
eggs into incubator on hatchability indices. Negative effect of storage time length on hatching
results was found, as the largest percentage of dead embryos was stated in the groups in which the
eggs were stored 14 to 21 days (44.4%) and longer (100%). Most favourable hatchability indices
from fertilised eggs were obtained with the shortest storage time, i.e. up to 7 days and 8 to 14 days,
74.2 and 84.6%, respectively. It was found that between storage day 14 and 21 the hatchability
index was subjected to a reduction by 4.15% daily. The incubation time underwent
prolongation in proportion to egg storage time. The shortest average incubation time (1021.4
h) was a characteristics of the group in which the eggs were stored up to 7 days, whereas in
other groups the incubation time became prolonged by approximately 15-17 hours.
KRUM PETKOV1, WITOLD PODKÓWKA1, IZABELA JASKOWSKA
JAKOŚĆ I WARTOŚĆ POKARMOWA KISZONEK Z KUKURYDZY, WYSŁODKÓW
PRASOWANYCH, SIANOKISZONKI Z LUCERNY I POROSTU ŁĄKOWEGO
JAKO PODSTAWOWYCH PASZ OBJĘTOŚCIOWYCH W SYSTEMACH TMR I PMR
QUALITY AND NUTRIE VALUE OF MAIZE, PRESSED SUGAR BEET PULP,
LUCERNE AND SWARD SILAGES AS BASIC BULKY FEEDS
IN TMR AND PMR SYSTEM
Katedra Żywienia Zwierząt i Gospodarki Paszowej, Akademia Rolnicza
1
Katedra Żywienia Zwierząt, Akademia Techniczno-Rolnicza
ul. Mazowiecka 28, 85-084 Bydgoszcz
Słowa kluczowe: kiszonka, kukurydza, wysłodki buraczane prasowane, lucerna, porost
łąkowy, wartość pokarmowa, system TMR, PMR.
Key words: maize silage, sugar beet pulp, lucerne haysilage, sward haysilage, silage, TMR,
PMR.
Abstract. The aim of the present study was estimation of quality and nutritive value of maize
silages, sugar beet pulp, lucerne hay-silage, sward hay-silage produced in the Region of
Szczecin. As basic component in product bulky feeds in TMR and PMR in high producing cow
feeding. Samples were analysed for estimated chemical composition, NDF, ADF and pH. The
nutritive value of the silages, expressed in ruminant feed evaluation units – DLG (NEL) and
INRA. In the present study calculated dry matter intake capacity and dry matter digestibility.
The highest dry matter intake capacity characterized lucerne haysilage, whereas the lowestsward haysilage. The highest dry matter digestibility characterized sugar beet pulp silage.
Silages were evaluated to be of very good and good quality according to Flieg-Zimmer scale.
ROMAN PETRYSHAK, YAROSLAW PIVTORAK, KRUM PETKOV1, OLGA PETRYSHAK
KAZIMIERZ BOBKO1
INFLUENCE OF HUMEX PREPARATION ON GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT
OF NON-SUCKLING PIGLETS AND PROBIODOR ON DIGESTIBILITY
OF MIXTURES FOR EXPERIMENTAL ON LABORATORY RATS
WPŁYW PREPARATU HUMEX NA WZROST I ROZWÓJ PROSIĄT
ORAZ PREPARATU POROBIODOR NA STRAWNOŚĆ MIESZANKI
W DOŚWIADCZENIU NA SZCZURACH LABORATORYJNYCH
Lviv National Academy of Veterinary Medicine named after S.Z. Gzhytskyj
50 Pekarška Street, 79-010 Lviv, Ukraine
1
Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Menagement
2 Judyma Street, 71-466 Szczecin, Poland
Key words: feed additives, Humex, piglets fattening, Probiodor, laboratory rats.
Słowa kluczowe: dodatki paszowe, Humex, żywienie prosiąt, Probiodor, szczury laboratoryjne.
Abstract. Therefore, based on research we can confirm. that the addition to concentrated
fodder “Humex” promotes better assimilation of fodder nutrients. that increase growth
intensity of non-suckling piglets (group 2-4 months) to 6-7per cent. Additional, “Humex” has
a positive influence on piglet’s health. Probiodor MZ 2000 additive influences positively on
dietary efficiency (diatomite and kaolinite) influences positively on energy value,
significantly on digestibility coefficient of crude protein (P≤0.05).
ARKADIUSZ PIETRUSZKA, ROMAN CZARNECKI, EUGENIA JACYNO
ANITA KOŁODZIEJ, MARIA KAWĘCKA, JACEK OWSIANNY, JAN UDAŁA1
JAKOŚĆ NASIENIA MŁODYCH KNURÓW MIESZAŃCÓW
W ZALEŻNOŚCI OD GENOTYPU RYR1
SEMEN QUALITY OF YOUNG CROSBREED BOARS DEPENDING
ON RYR1 GENOTYPE
Katedra Hodowli Trzody Chlewnej, Akademia Rolnicza
1
Zakład Rozrodu Zwierząt, Akademia Rolnicza
Słowa kluczowe: knur, mieszaniec, RYR1, nasienie.
Key words: boar, crosbreed, RYR1, semen.
Abstract. The results of the study cinfirmed higher content meat in carcass of the boars with
RYR1T genotpye. Regarding traits of semen it was not found out the statistical significant
differences between compared genotypes. Despite of some tendency to better traits value of
RYR1TC boars it was not proved univocally that the specified genotypes (RYR1TT, RYR1TC
and RYR1CC) affected on semen values of the traits. The worst quality of semen of RYR1TT
boars genotype are suggested to use for crosbreed boars production the sows free from
RYR1T gene.
RYSZARD PIKUŁA, MIROSŁAW SMUGAŁA, ŻANETA BOROWIEC-CHŁOPEK,
IWONNA TABISZEWSKA
POLIMORFIZM GENETYCZNY WYBRANYCH BIAŁEK KRWI KONI RASY
STANDARDBRED
GENETIC POLIMORPHISM OF PROTEINS IN STANDARDBRED HORSES
Katedra Hodowli Koni, Pracownia Polimorfizmu Białek Krwi Koniowatych, Akademia
Rolnicza
Słowa kluczowe: konie, kłusak amerykański, polimorfizm genetyczny.
Key words: horses, Standardbred, genetic polimorphism.
Abstract. The studies included 32 Standardbred horses from Trening Center in Bonin. In blood
samples drawn the genetic polymorphism of 5 following blood serum polymorphic proteins
was determined: albumin (Al), transferrin (Tf), esterase pH 8.5 (EspH 8.5), vitamin D binding
protein (Gc) and A1B blood serum glycoprotein (Xk). Genetic structures was characteristic for
Standardbred horses.
BOGUMIŁA PILARCZYK, ALEKSANDRA BALICKA-RAMISZ, ALOJZY RAMISZ,
ŁUKASZ LAURANS
WYSTĘPOWANIE PASOŻYTÓW PRZEWODU POKARMOWEGO
U PSÓW I KOTÓW Z TERENU MIASTA SZCZECINA
PREVALENCE OF PARASITES OF THE ALIMENTARY TRACT
IN DOGS AND CATS FROM SZCZECIN REGION
Słowa kluczowe: pasożyty jelitowe, psy, koty, teren Szczecina.
Key words: intestinal parasites, dogs, cats, Szczecin region.
Abstract. The prevalence of dogs and cats intestinal parasites was 28.4 and 33.7%
respectively. In the cat 5 species of parasites were established-, four species of nematodes and
one of Taenia sp. In dog 6 species of helminthes were found – tree species of nematodes
(Toxocara canis, Toxascaris leonina, Uncinaria stenocephala) and 3 of cestodes (Dipylidium
caninum, Taenia sp., Mesocestoides lineatus). Toxocara is the most common parasitic
nematode-it was found in 22.1 of cat and 18.9% of dog fecal samples.
BOGUMIŁA PILARCZYK, ALEKSANDRA BALICKA-RAMISZ, ALOJZY RAMISZ,
STACH VOVK OSIPOCIČ1, AGNIESZKA TOMZA, MARTA WIECZOREK
BADANIA NAD POZIOMEM SELENU W SUROWICY
ZWIERZĄT GOSPODARSKICH
POCHODZĄCYCH Z POMORZA ZACHODNIEGO I ZACHODNIEJ UKRAINY
THE INVESTIGATION OF SERUM SELENIUM LEVELS IN FARM ANIMALS
FROM WESTERN POMERANIA AND WESTERN UKRAINE
1
Animal Husbandry Department, Lviv State Agrarian University
Lviv-Dubljany, 80381, Ukraine
Słowa kluczowe: selen, krowy, świnie, owce, surowica.
Key words: selenium, cows, pigs, sheep, serum.
Abstract. In this study selenium level in farm animals' serum (cows, pigs and sheep), coming
from Western Pomerania and west Ukraine was compared. This research was conducted
between January and August 2004 on 57 animals from west Ukraine: 20 cows, 20 pigs, 17
sheep and on 65 animals from Western Pomerania: 25 cows, 20 pigs, 15 sheep. Determination of
serum selenium concentration was executed according with Watkinson's fluorimetric method
(1966) modified by Grzebuła. The mean serum Se concentration was in cows 0.085 µg ml-1, in
pigs 0.497 µg·ml-1 and in sheep 0.485 µg·ml-1. Whereas selenium concentration in serum of
animals from Western Pomerania was considerably lower and was 0.034 µg·ml-1, 0.041 µg·ml-1
and 0.031 µg·ml-1, respectively.
ARTUR RYBARCZYK, ROMAN SZARUGA, WANDA NATALCZYK-SZYMKOWSKA
MIĘSNOŚĆ I JAKOŚĆ MIĘSA W ZALEŻNOŚCI OD MASY TUSZY CIEPŁEJ
TUCZNIKÓW PEN AR LAN POCHODZĄCYCH Z KRZYŻOWANIA
LOCH NAÏMA Z KNURAMI P-76
LEANNESS AND MEAT QUALITY IN RELATION TO HOT CARCASS
WEIGHT IN PEN AR LAN PORKERS DERIVED FROM CROSSING
NAÏMA SOWS WITH P-76 BOARS
Katedra Oceny Produktów Zwierzęcych, Akademia Rolnicza
Słowa kluczowe: jakość tuszy i mięsa, masa tuszy ciepłej, PEN AR LAN, tuczniki.
Key words: carcass, pork, hot carcass weight, PEN AR LAN, porkers.
Abstract. The studies were carried out on 100 PEN AR LAN porkers derived from crossing
P-76 boars with Naïma sows. During the slaugter, the sex of fatteners was recorded, carcass
meatiness was measured, as well as the thickness of LD muscle and backfat, by means of
optic-needle Sydel CGM apparatus and carcass hot weight of the examined fatteners was
determined. Meat quality and basic chemical composition were determined. The carcasses of
the porkers having hot carcass weight above 90 kg revealed lower lean percentage than those
carcasses below 80 kg and thickness fat layer than those carcasses below 80 kg and 80-90 kg of
hot weight. No significant differences were found in most traits of pork quality and chemical
composition of meat between particular ranges of hot carcass weight. The increase of carcass
weight was accompanied by the increase of frequency normal meat and the decrease of PSE
meat. The carcasses of gilts showed higher leanness, thinner fat layer, and meat having less
intermuscular fat compared to the carcasses of barrows.
WIESŁAW F. SKRZYPCZAK, DARIUSZ DRZEŻDŻON, MAŁGORZATA OŻGO,
KATARZYNA MICHAŁEK, ALICJA DRATWA
WSTĘPNE BADANIA NAD SZCZELNOŚCIĄ NERKOWEJ BARIERY FILTRACYJNEJ
W OKRESIE NEONATALNYM U KOŹLĄT
INTRODUCTORY RESEARCH ON RENAL FILTRATION BARRIER TIGHTNESS
IN KIDS IN NEONATAL PERIOD
Katedra Fizjologii Zwierząt, Akademia Rolnicza
Słowa kluczowe: koziołki, nerka, okres neonatalny, wielkość filtracji kłębkowej, białko o masie
cząsteczkowej 81 kDa.
Key words: goatlings, kidney, neonatal period, glomerular filtration rate, 81 kDa molecular
weight protein.
Abstract. The experiment was carried out on 16 clinically healthy goatlings of the Polish
Improved White breed in the first 30 days of life. The kidney function was tested with clearance
methods. The urine proteins were separated in use of SDS PAGE electrophoresis. It has been
demonstrated that the protein (81 kDa) was present in the urine. Observed changes in 81 kDa
molecular weight protein excretion and proportion in urinary high molecular weight proteins
indicates leakiness of the kids filtration barrier in the first days after birth and its sealing up in the
next weeks of life. This processes are spread in time and shows individual differences.
JAN UDAŁA, DARIUSZ GĄCZARZEWICZ, BOGDAN LASOTA,
BARBARA BŁASZCZYK, BEATA SEREMAK, TOMASZ STANKIEWICZ
CHARAKTERYSTYKA ZMIAN BUDOWY MORFOLOGICZNEJ PLEMNIKÓW
KNURÓW UŻYTKOWANYCH W INSEMINACJI
CHARACTERISTICS OF THE MORPHOLOGICAL DEFECTS OF BOARS
SPERMATOZOA USED IN ARTIFICIAL INSEMINATION
Katedra Rozrodu Zwierząt, Akademia Rolnicza
Słowa kluczowe: knur, nasienie, wady plemników, morfologia.
Key words: boar, semen, defects of spermatozoa, morphology.
Abstract. The aim of investigations was to characterise morphologically changes of spermatozoa
of boars used for artificial insemination. Investigations were carried out on 120 boars (362
ejaculates collected manually) of following breeds: Polish Large White (PLW), Polish
Landrace (PL), duroc, and crossbreed pietrain and duroc as well as line pic and p-76. In
semen were measured: volume of liquid fraction, percentage of sperm cells that demonstrated
progressive motility, concentration of spermatozoa in semen, number of spermatozoa in
whole ejaculate, percentage of spermatozoa with major and minor morphologically defects and
percentage of spermatozoa with intact acrosome. Sperm quality evaluation regarded genotype and
age of boars as well as percentage of morphologically abnormal spermatozoa. The semen of duroc
boar – compared with other genotypes – was characterised by the lowest volume, concentration
and number of spermatozoa in whole ejaculate. In ejaculates of duroc and PL boars were
found the lowest number of spermatozoa with morphologically normal structure. The most
observed major and minor morphologically defects were proximal and distal protoplasmic
droplets. There were correlation between the types of morphologically defects and percentage
of motile spermatozoa and spermatozoa with intact acrosome.
MARIA WOLSKA, BOGUSŁAWA WOLSKA-NEJA, WALDEMAR G. PIASECKI
PRÓBA WYKORZYSTANIA ZOOPLANKTONU ZE STAWU RETENCYJNEGO
OCZYSZCZALNI ŚCIEKÓW KOMUNALNYCH JAKO POKARMU
DO PODCHOWU LARW SZCZUPAKA (ESOX LUCIUS L.)
AN ATTEMPT OF USE OF ZOOOPLANKTON FROM MUNICIPAL SEWAGE
TREATMENT PLANT’ RETENTION POND, AS FOOD FOR REARING
OF PIKE (ESOX LUCIUS L.) LARVAE
Zakład Hydrobiologii, Akademia Rolnicza
ul. Kazimierza Królewicza 4, 71-550 Szczecin
Słowa kluczowe: larwy Esox lucius, podchów, zooplankton.
Key words: Esox lucius larvae, rearing, zooplankton.
Abstract. An attempt of rearing pike larvae based on natural food was undertaken. The
experiment was conducted in a municipal sewage treatment plant in Drawno from April till May
2004. Zooplankton consisting mainly of caldocerans Daphnia magna and copepods Eucyclops
serrulatus taken from a sewage retention pond was used as food. Two experimental plots were set:
in 20 l basins dug in the ground, and in 75 l cages immersed in the retention pond. During the
experimental increase of pike larvae length, their alimentary tract content, fish death rate, and
species composition of offered food were analysed. Most of the larvae did not start feeding.
Also high fish death rate was noted.
JERZY WÓJCIK, HENRYK KAMIENIECKI, EWA CZERNIAWSKA-PIĄTKOWSKA,
RYSZARD SKRZYPEK1
SOMATIC CELL COUNT IN MILK DEPENDING ON THE METHOD
OF UDDER AND TEAT PREPARATION FOR MILKING
LICZBA KOMÓREK SOMATYCZNYCH W MLEKU W ZALEŻNOŚCI
OD METODY PRZYGOTOWANIA WYMIENIA I STRZYKÓW DO DOJU
Department of Ruminant Science, Agricultural University
Judyma 10, 71-466 Szczecin, Poland
1
Department of Cattle Breeding, August Cieszkowski Agricultural University
Wołyńska 33, 60-637 Poznań, Poland
Key words: cow milk, somatic cells, udder preparation.
Słowa kluczowe: mleko krowie, komórki somatyczne, przygotowanie wymienia.
Abstract. The aim of this study was a retrospective analysis of the effect of the sequence of
foremilking in relation to udder and teat cleaning and the effect of the method of udder and
teat cleaning prior to milking, on somatic cell count (SCC) in milk. The investigations
concerned the year 2001 and were conducted on 79 dairy farms of the Middle Pomerania region.
Data on SCC were extracted from the milk performance testing system database. In the herds in
which foremilking was practised before udder and teat cleaning a lower (P≤0.01) SCC was
found compared to the herds in which both routines were performed in a reverse order (356
000 vs. 381 000 cells/ml milk). In the herds where udders and teats were cleaned by wiping, SCC
was 54 000 lower than in the herds in which washing with water was adopted (P≤0.01).
A significant interaction was found between both premilking procedures. In the case of
wiping, lower values of SCC (P≤0.01) were observed in the herds in which foremilking was
performed prior to udder and teat cleaning. However, in the herds in which udders and teats were
washed with water, a better option (P≤0.01) was to perform foremilking after cleaning.
ANNA WYSOKIŃSKA, STANISŁAW KONDRACKI
CZĘSTOŚĆ WYSTĘPOWANIA ZMIAN W BUDOWIE MORFOLOGICZNEJ
PLEMNIKÓW KNURÓW MIESZAŃCÓW DUROC X PIETRAIN
I HAMPSHIRE X PIETRAIN ORAZ CZYSTORASOWYCH KNURÓW DUROC,
HAMPSHIRE I PIETRAIN
FREQUENCY OF SPERM ABNORMALITIES OF CROSSBREED BOARS DUROC X
PIETRAIN AND HAMPSHIRE X PIETRAIN AND OF PUREBRED BOARS DUROC,
HAMPSHIRE AND PIETRAIN
Katedra Zoohigieny i Profilaktyki Weterynaryjnej, Akademia Podlaska
ul. Bolesława Prusa 14, 08-110 Siedlce
Słowa kluczowe: knur, morfologia, nasienie.
Key words: boar, morphology, semen.
Abstract. The investigations were carried out on the material of 360 ejaculates taken by
manual method from 30 boars used for insemination: Duroc, Hampshire, Pietrain and
crossbreedings Duroc x Pietrain and Hampshire x Pietrain. After collecting semen slides were
immediately prepared. In each slide the morphology of 500 spermatozoa, including spermatozoa
with proper proportions and showing major and minor abnormalities. The crossbreed boars
produce ejaculates about bests qualities depression than purebreed boars. It was affirmed than
in semen of hybrids there was more spermatozoa with proper proportions depression than in
semen of purebreed boars. In semen of Duroc and Pietrain boars it was affirmed more
spermatozoa with major and minor abnormalities.

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Season-dependent characteristics of insemination boar ejaculates

Physical traits of insemination boar ejaculates depending on the